Hierarchical Porosity Redirects Fe/ZSM-5 from Adsorption-Assisted Removal Toward Fenton/Photo-Fenton Oxidation
6 affiliations
- 1Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
- 2Smart Materials Laboratory, Dagestan State University, 43a M. Gadzhieva Street, Makhachkala 367001, Russia
- 3H. Amirkhanov Institute of Physics, Dagestan Federal Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Makhachkala 367000, Russia
- 4Faculty of Physics, Saint Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya Embankment, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
- 5Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1/3, Moscow 119991, Russia
- 6Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ensenada 22800, BC, Mexico
Abstract
Hierarchical porosity and iron speciation govern the balance between adsorption and catalytic oxidation in Fe-modified ZSM-5. This study compares a microporous low-iron material, Z0–Fe0.1 (0.9 wt.% Fe), with a hierarchically porous high-iron material, Z0.4–Fe1.0 (25 wt.% Fe). Structural, textural, optical, X-ray photoelectron, and Mössbauer characterization was combined with methylene blue removal experiments under adsorption, photocatalytic, Fenton-like, and photo-Fenton-like conditions. Both materials retained the MFI structure. UV–Vis analysis indicated a greater relative contribution of oligomeric FexOy species in Z0.4–Fe1.0. Mössbauer spectroscopy identified predominantly Fe3+ environments and revealed a magnetically ordered component in the high-iron material at 78 K. Despite an almost 28-fold difference in iron loading, both materials achieved nearly identical final methylene blue removal (~99%) under photo-Fenton-like conditions, yet this similar efficiency was reached through fundamentally different dominant pathways: predominantly adsorption for the microporous Z0–Fe0.1 (dark adsorption ~82%) and predominantly catalytic oxidation for the hierarchical Z0.4–Fe1.0 (dark adsorption only ~38%, rising to ~87% under dark Fenton-like conditions). These results indicate a shift in the balance between adsorption and H2O2-dependent removal accompanying changes in porosity and iron loading. The findings highlight the need to consider pore architecture, adsorption, and iron speciation jointly when interpreting the performance of Fe-containing zeolites for water treatment.
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BibTeX
@article{zvereva2026hierarchical,
title = {{Hierarchical Porosity Redirects Fe/ZSM-5 from Adsorption-Assisted Removal Toward Fenton/Photo-Fenton Oxidation}},
author = {Irina A. Zvereva and Farid F. Orudzhev and Azamat Samadov and Sergei A. Kurnosenko and Asiyat G. Magomedova and Ismail M. Akhmedov and Denis A. Pankratov and Marina G. Shelyapina and Vitalii P. Petranovskii},
journal = {Catalysts},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/catal16110965},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/16/11/965},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Hierarchical Porosity Redirects Fe/ZSM-5 from Adsorption-Assisted Removal Toward Fenton/Photo-Fenton Oxidation
AU - Irina A. Zvereva
AU - Farid F. Orudzhev
AU - Azamat Samadov
AU - Sergei A. Kurnosenko
AU - Asiyat G. Magomedova
AU - Ismail M. Akhmedov
AU - Denis A. Pankratov
AU - Marina G. Shelyapina
AU - Vitalii P. Petranovskii
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/29
JO - Catalysts
DO - 10.3390/catal16110965
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/16/11/965
AB - Hierarchical porosity and iron speciation govern the balance between adsorption and catalytic oxidation in Fe-modified ZSM-5. This study compares a microporous low-iron material, Z0–Fe0.1 (0.9 wt.% Fe), with a hierarchically porous high-iron material, Z0.4–Fe1.0 (25 wt.% Fe). Structural, textural, optical, X-ray photoelectron, and Mössbauer characterization was combined with methylene blue removal experiments under adsorption, photocatalytic, Fenton-like, and photo-Fenton-like conditions. Both materials retained the MFI structure. UV–Vis analysis indicated a greater relative contribution of oligomeric FexOy species in Z0.4–Fe1.0. Mössbauer spectroscopy identified predominantly Fe3+ environments and revealed a magnetically ordered component in the high-iron material at 78 K. Despite an almost 28-fold difference in iron loading, both materials achieved nearly identical final methylene blue removal (~99%) under photo-Fenton-like conditions, yet this similar efficiency was reached through fundamentally different dominant pathways: predominantly adsorption for the microporous Z0–Fe0.1 (dark adsorption ~82%) and predominantly catalytic oxidation for the hierarchical Z0.4–Fe1.0 (dark adsorption only ~38%, rising to ~87% under dark Fenton-like conditions). These results indicate a shift in the balance between adsorption and H2O2-dependent removal accompanying changes in porosity and iron loading. The findings highlight the need to consider pore architecture, adsorption, and iron speciation jointly when interpreting the performance of Fe-containing zeolites for water treatment.
SN - 2073-4344
ER -