Compiling the 2D Fermi-Hubbard ground-state energy estimation algorithm for active volume quantum architectures
Abstract
As quantum computing enters the early fault-tolerant era, circuit compilation choices will increasingly depend on details of the underlying architecture rather than solely optimizing for generic proxies such as non-Clifford count. We present an active-volume-aware compilation of the ground-state energy estimation algorithm for the two-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model using quantum phase estimation and Trotterized time evolution. The proposed compilation reduces the active volume across L× L square lattices with L=4 to $20$, achieving up to a 3.9× reduction over prior work optimized for non-Clifford cost. As a by-product of these compilation improvements, the resulting circuits also achieve state-of-the-art Toffoli counts, with a ~2× reduction for the L=20 case. Lastly, the active volume architecture and recent execution scheduling advances provide a means of translating these reduction trends into runtime. This demonstrates the increasing importance of architecture-aware compilation for practical early fault-tolerant quantum computing.
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BibTeX
@misc{apel2026compiling,
title = {{Compiling the 2D Fermi-Hubbard ground-state energy estimation algorithm for active volume quantum architectures}},
author = {Harriet Apel and Athena Caesura and Carys Harvey and Sam Heavey and Angus Kan and Jessica Lemieux and Ryan Levy and Sam Pallister and Joseph Peetz and William Pol and Sukin Sim and William A. Simon and Mark Steudtner and Gideon Uchehara},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.05316},
eprint = {2609.05316},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.05316},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Compiling the 2D Fermi-Hubbard ground-state energy estimation algorithm for active volume quantum architectures
AU - Harriet Apel
AU - Athena Caesura
AU - Carys Harvey
AU - Sam Heavey
AU - Angus Kan
AU - Jessica Lemieux
AU - Ryan Levy
AU - Sam Pallister
AU - Joseph Peetz
AU - William Pol
AU - Sukin Sim
AU - William A. Simon
AU - Mark Steudtner
AU - Gideon Uchehara
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/25
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.05316
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.05316
AB - As quantum computing enters the early fault-tolerant era, circuit compilation choices will increasingly depend on details of the underlying architecture rather than solely optimizing for generic proxies such as non-Clifford count. We present an active-volume-aware compilation of the ground-state energy estimation algorithm for the two-dimensional Fermi-Hubbard model using quantum phase estimation and Trotterized time evolution. The proposed compilation reduces the active volume across L× L square lattices with L=4 to $20$, achieving up to a 3.9× reduction over prior work optimized for non-Clifford cost. As a by-product of these compilation improvements, the resulting circuits also achieve state-of-the-art Toffoli counts, with a ~2× reduction for the L=20 case. Lastly, the active volume architecture and recent execution scheduling advances provide a means of translating these reduction trends into runtime. This demonstrates the increasing importance of architecture-aware compilation for practical early fault-tolerant quantum computing.
ER -