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PreprintCC BY-NC-ND 4.0arXiv

Indirect Measurement of the S*(E) Factor for 12C(12C,p)23Na at Gamow Energies via the Trojan Horse Method with Near-0 degree Spectator Detection

  • Chengbo Li
  • Huiming Jia
  • Qungang Wen
  • Chengjian Lin
  • Lei Yang
  • Feng Yang
  • Nanru Ma
  • Tianpeng Luo
  • Xuepeng Sun
  • Shangkun Shao
  • Xuejian Wang
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Abstract

The astrophysical S*(E) factor for the 12C+12C reaction within the Gamow window plays a pivotal role in modeling stellar carbon burning and explosive nucleosynthesis scenarios. However, direct measurements or even simple extrapolations at these energies are severely hindered by Coulomb suppression and the possible presence of narrow resonances. To address this challenge, we performed an indirect measurement of the 12C(16O,ap)23Na reaction at the HI-13 Tandem Accelerator, employing 16O=(12C+a) as the Trojan Horse nucleus. A key innovation of this Trojan Horse Method (THM) study is the implementation of a copper beam-stopper foil, which enabled the detection of spectator particles near 0, the angular region where their yield is maximized under quasi-free kinematics. The S*(E) factor for the 12C(12C,p)23Na reaction in the astrophysically relevant energy range was extracted using the THM formalism based on the DWBA. Our results confirm the presence of resonant structures within the Gamow window around 1.5 MeV in both the p0 and p1 proton channels. No evidence of a hindrance effect is observed in the measured energy range. Without considering the resonance details, the overall trend of our results is qualitatively in reasonable agreement with the THM-Tumino2018 and TTIK2025 data, but differs significantly from the trend of the Modified-THM-Muk2019 data.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{li2026indirect,
  title = {{Indirect Measurement of the $\rm S^*(E)$ Factor for $\rm ^12C(^12C,\mathitp)^23Na$ at Gamow Energies via the Trojan Horse Method with Near-0 degree Spectator Detection}},
  author = {Chengbo Li and Huiming Jia and Qungang Wen and Chengjian Lin and Lei Yang and Feng Yang and Nanru Ma and Tianpeng Luo and Xuepeng Sun and Shangkun Shao and Xuejian Wang},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.08837},
  eprint = {2609.08837},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.08837},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Indirect Measurement of the S^*(E) Factor for ^12C(^12C,p)^23Na at Gamow Energies via the Trojan Horse Method with Near-0 degree Spectator Detection
AU  - Chengbo Li
AU  - Huiming Jia
AU  - Qungang Wen
AU  - Chengjian Lin
AU  - Lei Yang
AU  - Feng Yang
AU  - Nanru Ma
AU  - Tianpeng Luo
AU  - Xuepeng Sun
AU  - Shangkun Shao
AU  - Xuejian Wang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/08
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.08837
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.08837
AB  - The astrophysical S*(E) factor for the 12C+12C reaction within the Gamow window plays a pivotal role in modeling stellar carbon burning and explosive nucleosynthesis scenarios. However, direct measurements or even simple extrapolations at these energies are severely hindered by Coulomb suppression and the possible presence of narrow resonances. To address this challenge, we performed an indirect measurement of the 12C(16O,ap)23Na reaction at the HI-13 Tandem Accelerator, employing 16O=(12C+a) as the Trojan Horse nucleus. A key innovation of this Trojan Horse Method (THM) study is the implementation of a copper beam-stopper foil, which enabled the detection of spectator particles near 0, the angular region where their yield is maximized under quasi-free kinematics. The S*(E) factor for the 12C(12C,p)23Na reaction in the astrophysically relevant energy range was extracted using the THM formalism based on the DWBA. Our results confirm the presence of resonant structures within the Gamow window around 1.5 MeV in both the p0 and p1 proton channels. No evidence of a hindrance effect is observed in the measured energy range. Without considering the resonance details, the overall trend of our results is qualitatively in reasonable agreement with the THM-Tumino2018 and TTIK2025 data, but differs significantly from the trend of the Modified-THM-Muk2019 data.
ER  -