An analytical solution of a quantum system with non-Markovian behavior: The Bixon-Jortner system in time domain
Abstract
Non-Markovian behavior in quantum systems is often studied in the context of bipartite systems consisting of a system of interest and an environment -- tracing over the environment results in non-Markovian behavior for the subsystem of interest. One may get a Markovian limit in certain regimes, which is studied using the Lindblad master equation, and corrections to this behavior can be obtained by techniques such as the Nakajima-Zwanzig formalism. In this paper, we obtain an exact non-Markovian equation for the dynamics of a simple model system that consists of a direct sum rather than a tensor product of two pieces, namely, a discrete state and an infinite ladder. This system, called the Bixon-Jortner model, was first developed in the quantum chemistry literature but has been utilized by the quantum optics community as a model system with interesting behavior, including a Wigner-Weisskopf limit of exponential decay. We attack the time evolution problem of this system directly in time-domain, and start with an integrodifferential equation describing the time evolution of the discrete state. Using tools from mathematical physics, we transform this equation to a delay differential equation, which makes the non-Markovianity completely transparent, and then we solve the delay equation using an intuitive ansatz. This allows us to obtain the analytic form of the dynamics directly in time domain, and demonstrate decay and revival behaviors coming from the aforementioned delay differential equation. We believe the explicit form of the time-domain non-Markovian equation we obtain and the accessibility the solution techniques we use make our results a useful case study of non-Markovianity in quantum systems.
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BibTeX
@misc{cevheroglu2026analytical,
title = {{An analytical solution of a quantum system with non-Markovian behavior: The Bixon-Jortner system in time domain}},
author = {Osman Cevheroğlu and Arkadaş Özakın},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2607.07546},
eprint = {2607.07546},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.07546},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - An analytical solution of a quantum system with non-Markovian behavior: The Bixon-Jortner system in time domain
AU - Osman Cevheroğlu
AU - Arkadaş Özakın
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/30
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2607.07546
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.07546
AB - Non-Markovian behavior in quantum systems is often studied in the context of bipartite systems consisting of a system of interest and an environment -- tracing over the environment results in non-Markovian behavior for the subsystem of interest. One may get a Markovian limit in certain regimes, which is studied using the Lindblad master equation, and corrections to this behavior can be obtained by techniques such as the Nakajima-Zwanzig formalism. In this paper, we obtain an exact non-Markovian equation for the dynamics of a simple model system that consists of a direct sum rather than a tensor product of two pieces, namely, a discrete state and an infinite ladder. This system, called the Bixon-Jortner model, was first developed in the quantum chemistry literature but has been utilized by the quantum optics community as a model system with interesting behavior, including a Wigner-Weisskopf limit of exponential decay. We attack the time evolution problem of this system directly in time-domain, and start with an integrodifferential equation describing the time evolution of the discrete state. Using tools from mathematical physics, we transform this equation to a delay differential equation, which makes the non-Markovianity completely transparent, and then we solve the delay equation using an intuitive ansatz. This allows us to obtain the analytic form of the dynamics directly in time domain, and demonstrate decay and revival behaviors coming from the aforementioned delay differential equation. We believe the explicit form of the time-domain non-Markovian equation we obtain and the accessibility the solution techniques we use make our results a useful case study of non-Markovianity in quantum systems.
ER -