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Peer-reviewedCC BYCell Reports Sustainability

Progress in flame-retardant solid-state electrolytes for battery safety and sustainability

  • Chijie Ding1
  • Weidu Li1
  • Jiayao Zhou1
  • Qi Zhu1
  • Ye-Tang Pan2
  • Yu Wu3
  • Sheng Xu4
4 affiliations
  1. 1College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China
  2. 2National Engineering Research Center of Flame Retardant Materials, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Corresponding author
  3. 3School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
  4. 4College of Chemical Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, Hunan, China; Corresponding author
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Abstract

The widespread adoption of batteries is hampered by persistent safety concerns, which primarily stem from the flammability of conventional organic liquid electrolytes, although common solid-state electrolytes also carry risks of thermal runaway. Flame-retardant solid-state electrolytes (FR-SSEs) represent a promising solution, replacing flammable liquids with non-flammable or flame-retardant solid conductors. In this review, we outline the role of FR-SSEs in aligning safety with sustainability for next-generation batteries. We analyze the specific mechanisms of different FR-SSEs, detailing how they interrupt thermal runaway through radical scavenging, physical heat barriers, and catalytic charring. On the basis of achieving flame retardancy while maintaining battery performance, we emphasize the sustainable advantages of FR-SSEs, such as the use of eco-friendly materials, low-energy production processes, and electrochemical stability, along with associated sustainability challenges. Finally, to tackle end-of-life challenges, we discuss closed-loop recycling approaches and green, solvent-free manufacturing guided by life cycle assessment (LCA).

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{ding2026progress,
  title = {{Progress in flame-retardant solid-state electrolytes for battery safety and sustainability}},
  author = {Chijie Ding and Weidu Li and Jiayao Zhou and Qi Zhu and Ye-Tang Pan and Yu Wu and Sheng Xu},
  journal = {Cell Reports Sustainability},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1016/j.crsus.2026.100861},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crsus.2026.100861},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Progress in flame-retardant solid-state electrolytes for battery safety and sustainability
AU  - Chijie Ding
AU  - Weidu Li
AU  - Jiayao Zhou
AU  - Qi Zhu
AU  - Ye-Tang Pan
AU  - Yu Wu
AU  - Sheng Xu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/25
JO  - Cell Reports Sustainability
DO  - 10.1016/j.crsus.2026.100861
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crsus.2026.100861
AB  - The widespread adoption of batteries is hampered by persistent safety concerns, which primarily stem from the flammability of conventional organic liquid electrolytes, although common solid-state electrolytes also carry risks of thermal runaway. Flame-retardant solid-state electrolytes (FR-SSEs) represent a promising solution, replacing flammable liquids with non-flammable or flame-retardant solid conductors. In this review, we outline the role of FR-SSEs in aligning safety with sustainability for next-generation batteries. We analyze the specific mechanisms of different FR-SSEs, detailing how they interrupt thermal runaway through radical scavenging, physical heat barriers, and catalytic charring. On the basis of achieving flame retardancy while maintaining battery performance, we emphasize the sustainable advantages of FR-SSEs, such as the use of eco-friendly materials, low-energy production processes, and electrochemical stability, along with associated sustainability challenges. Finally, to tackle end-of-life challenges, we discuss closed-loop recycling approaches and green, solvent-free manufacturing guided by life cycle assessment (LCA).
SN  - 2949-7906
ER  -