Instrument-Level Validation of Upper Sideband Syntonization Concept

Abstract

Upper Sideband Syntonization (USBS) is a two-way frequency-transfer concept proposed by the European Space Agency for distributed space radio interferometric systems. Previous investigations validated the concept primarily through frequency-stability and phase-transfer measurements. This work demonstrates the first end-to-end instrument-level validation of the USBS concept through coherent W-band cross-correlation measurements and image reconstruction. A P=2 USBS breadboard was integrated with a W-band radio interferometer developed for this test. The synchronized local oscillators (LOs) were evaluated through long-term cross-correlation measurements and coherent imaging of a point-like noise source. The results were compared with those obtained using a conventional common LO as well as two independent free-running LOs. The USBS-derived LOs maintained coherence over 500 s of cumulative effective integration time acquired over approximately five days of elapsed time and preserved inter-session phase stability over measurements spanning 40 days. The reconstructed image is nearly indistinguishable from that obtained with a common LO, whereas independent free-running LOs lead to severe coherence degradation, image distortion, and approximately 38 dB loss of peak response. The results demonstrate that USBS preserves the interferometric coherence required for W-band imaging and present the first end-to-end instrument-level validation of the USBS syntonization concept for future distributed space radio interferometric missions

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BibTeX RIS

BibTeX

@misc{kudriashov2026instrumentlevel,
  title = {{Instrument-Level Validation of Upper Sideband Syntonization Concept}},
  author = {Volodymyr Kudriashov and Manuel Martin-Neira},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.10807},
  eprint = {2609.10807},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.10807},
}

RIS

TY  - UNPB
TI  - Instrument-Level Validation of Upper Sideband Syntonization Concept
AU  - Volodymyr Kudriashov
AU  - Manuel Martin-Neira
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/09
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.10807
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.10807
AB  - Upper Sideband Syntonization (USBS) is a two-way frequency-transfer concept proposed by the European Space Agency for distributed space radio interferometric systems. Previous investigations validated the concept primarily through frequency-stability and phase-transfer measurements. This work demonstrates the first end-to-end instrument-level validation of the USBS concept through coherent W-band cross-correlation measurements and image reconstruction. A P=2 USBS breadboard was integrated with a W-band radio interferometer developed for this test. The synchronized local oscillators (LOs) were evaluated through long-term cross-correlation measurements and coherent imaging of a point-like noise source. The results were compared with those obtained using a conventional common LO as well as two independent free-running LOs. The USBS-derived LOs maintained coherence over 500 s of cumulative effective integration time acquired over approximately five days of elapsed time and preserved inter-session phase stability over measurements spanning 40 days. The reconstructed image is nearly indistinguishable from that obtained with a common LO, whereas independent free-running LOs lead to severe coherence degradation, image distortion, and approximately 38 dB loss of peak response. The results demonstrate that USBS preserves the interferometric coherence required for W-band imaging and present the first end-to-end instrument-level validation of the USBS syntonization concept for future distributed space radio interferometric missions
ER  -

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