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Symmetries on vector parking functions via bounded lattice paths

Abstract

Partly motivated by enumeration of parking functions and their variants, there is a long-standing interest in lattice paths refined by several statistics, including the notable run and return. We consider bounded lattice paths, which are bounded by a given lattice path and are related to vector parking functions, for which we generalize run to composition runs, parameterized by a composition. By constructing involutions on these paths, we establish symmetries relating composition runs to some generalized return statistics. As an application, we settle an open problem of Dai, Fu, and Qiu on rational Dyck paths. The symmetries between generalized run and return are then transferred to vector parking functions, which suggest a new notion of prime decomposition. In the special case of $(a, b)$-parking functions, we compute the generating function refined by run and pri, which is new even for classical parking functions.

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BibTeX
@misc{fang2026symmetries,
  title = {{Symmetries on vector parking functions via bounded lattice paths}},
  author = {Wenjie Fang and Yang Li and Zhicong Lin},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.05665},
  eprint = {2610.05665},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.05665},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Symmetries on vector parking functions via bounded lattice paths
AU  - Wenjie Fang
AU  - Yang Li
AU  - Zhicong Lin
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/05
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.05665
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.05665
AB  - Partly motivated by enumeration of parking functions and their variants, there is a long-standing interest in lattice paths refined by several statistics, including the notable run and return. We consider bounded lattice paths, which are bounded by a given lattice path and are related to vector parking functions, for which we generalize run to composition runs, parameterized by a composition. By constructing involutions on these paths, we establish symmetries relating composition runs to some generalized return statistics. As an application, we settle an open problem of Dai, Fu, and Qiu on rational Dyck paths. The symmetries between generalized run and return are then transferred to vector parking functions, which suggest a new notion of prime decomposition. In the special case of $(a, b)$-parking functions, we compute the generating function refined by run and pri, which is new even for classical parking functions.
ER  -