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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0PLOS One

Modifiable determinants of adherence to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in classical myeloproliferative neoplasms: A mixed-methods systematic review protocol

4 affiliations
  1. 1Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
  2. 2Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
  3. 3Applied Health Research Group, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
  4. 4Department of Medical Imaging, Hematology, and Clinical Oncology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil

Abstract

Introduction: Non-receptor Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as ABL1 and JAK inhibitors, are central to the management of classical myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), yet non-adherence remains frequent and is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Although adherence-related factors have been explored, the evidence has not been systematically synthesised within a behavioural theory framework to guide the development of effective interventions. This review aims to synthesise evidence on modifiable determinants (barriers and facilitators) influencing adherence to TKI therapy in adults with classical MPNs, and to classify these determinants using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model. Methods: This is a mixed-methods systematic review protocol. We will search MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, LILACS, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library from inception to the present, without date restrictions, alongside grey literature sources (OpenGrey, WorldCat, and Google Scholar). Key terms will include myeloproliferative neoplasms, chronic myeloid leukaemia, polycythaemia vera, primary myelofibrosis, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, imatinib, dasatinib, ruxolitinib, and medication adherence. Two reviewers will independently screen studies, extract data, and assess methodological quality using design-appropriate appraisal tools. Quantitative findings will be synthesised narratively and meta-analysed where appropriate. Effect estimates from quantitative studies and qualitative findings (including participant quotations and interpretative data) will be mapped to TDF domains and COM-B components. A mixed-methods synthesis will integrate and triangulate determinants across study designs. Confidence in the evidence will be assessed using GRADE (quantitative) and CERQual (qualitative). Conclusion: This review will provide a theory-informed synthesis of modifiable determinants of TKI adherence in classical MPNs, supporting the identification of targets for future adherence-enhancing interventions. Trial registration: Systematic review registration: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024512635.

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BibTeX
@article{inouye2026modifiable,
  title = {{Modifiable determinants of adherence to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in classical myeloproliferative neoplasms: A mixed-methods systematic review protocol}},
  author = {Fabiana Coelho Inouye and Vivien Teo and Jessie Clarke and Sofia Georgopoulou and Ana Maria Rosa Freato Gonçalves and Lorena Lôbo de Figueiredo-Pontes and Leonardo Régis Leira Pereira and Sarah Chapman},
  journal = {PLOS One},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0358485},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0358485},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Modifiable determinants of adherence to tyrosine kinase inhibitors in classical myeloproliferative neoplasms: A mixed-methods systematic review protocol
AU  - Fabiana Coelho Inouye
AU  - Vivien Teo
AU  - Jessie Clarke
AU  - Sofia Georgopoulou
AU  - Ana Maria Rosa Freato Gonçalves
AU  - Lorena Lôbo de Figueiredo-Pontes
AU  - Leonardo Régis Leira Pereira
AU  - Sarah Chapman
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/18
JO  - PLOS One
DO  - 10.1371/journal.pone.0358485
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0358485
AB  - Introduction: Non-receptor Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as ABL1 and JAK inhibitors, are central to the management of classical myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), yet non-adherence remains frequent and is associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Although adherence-related factors have been explored, the evidence has not been systematically synthesised within a behavioural theory framework to guide the development of effective interventions. This review aims to synthesise evidence on modifiable determinants (barriers and facilitators) influencing adherence to TKI therapy in adults with classical MPNs, and to classify these determinants using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and Capability, Opportunity, Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model. Methods: This is a mixed-methods systematic review protocol. We will search MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, LILACS, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library from inception to the present, without date restrictions, alongside grey literature sources (OpenGrey, WorldCat, and Google Scholar). Key terms will include myeloproliferative neoplasms, chronic myeloid leukaemia, polycythaemia vera, primary myelofibrosis, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, imatinib, dasatinib, ruxolitinib, and medication adherence. Two reviewers will independently screen studies, extract data, and assess methodological quality using design-appropriate appraisal tools. Quantitative findings will be synthesised narratively and meta-analysed where appropriate. Effect estimates from quantitative studies and qualitative findings (including participant quotations and interpretative data) will be mapped to TDF domains and COM-B components. A mixed-methods synthesis will integrate and triangulate determinants across study designs. Confidence in the evidence will be assessed using GRADE (quantitative) and CERQual (qualitative). Conclusion: This review will provide a theory-informed synthesis of modifiable determinants of TKI adherence in classical MPNs, supporting the identification of targets for future adherence-enhancing interventions. Trial registration: Systematic review registration: PROSPERO registration number: CRD42024512635.
SN  - 1932-6203
ER  -