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Peer-reviewedCC BYPaleoceanography and Paleoclimatology

Archaeal Tetraether Lipids as Tracers for Past Marine Environmental Change

28 more authors
40 affiliations
  1. 1Institute of Earth Sciences, Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany
  2. 2Leibniz‐Laboratory for Radiometric Dating and Isotope Research Kiel University Kiel Germany
  3. 3CAU - Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel = Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel = Université Christian-Albrechts de Kiel (Christian-Albrechts-Platz 4, 24118 Kiel, Germany - Germany)
  4. 4School of Ocean and Earth Science University of Southampton, Waterfront Campus European Way UK
  5. 5University of Southampton (University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ - United Kingdom)
  6. 6CEREGE, Aix‐Marseille University, CNRS, IRD, INRAE, Coll France Aix‐en‐Provence France
  7. 7CEREGE - Centre Européen de Recherche et d'Enseignement des Géosciences de l'Environnement (Europôle Méditerranéen de l'Arbois - Avenue Louis Philibert - BP 80 - 13545 Aix-en-Provence cedex 4 - France)
  8. 8Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University Palisades NY USA
  9. 9LDEO - Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (University of Columbia, Palisades, New York 10964 - United States)
  10. 10Organic Geochemistry Unit School of Chemistry University of Bristol Bristol UK
  11. 11School of Chemistry [Bristol] (Cantock's Close Bristol BS8 1TS - United Kingdom)
  12. 12Department of Earth Sciences Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands
  13. 13Department of Earth Sciences [Utrecht] (NL-3508 TA Utrecht - Netherlands)
  14. 14School of Earth Sciences Cabot Institute for the Environment University of Bristol Bristol UK
  15. 15Organic Geochemistry Unit - OGU (Bristol, United Kingdom) (United Kingdom)
  16. 16Department of Geosciences The University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA
  17. 17University Corporation for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO USA
  18. 18Department of Geosciences [University of Arizona] (United States)
  19. 19UCAR - University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (P.O. Box 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 - United States)
  20. 20Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences ETH Zurich Zurich Switzerland
  21. 21Geological Institute [ETH Zürich] (Sonneggstrasse 5, 8092 Zürich - Switzerland)
  22. 22MARUM ‐ Center for Marine Environmental Sciences University of Bremen Bremen Germany
  23. 23MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (Leo­bener Str. 8, D-28359 Bre­men - Germany)
  24. 24Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research Den Burg The Netherlands
  25. 25NIOZ - Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research (1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Pays-Bas - Netherlands)
  26. 26Department of Chemistry/Biology University of Bremen Bremen Germany
  27. 27GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel Germany
  28. 28GEOMAR - Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research [Kiel] (Wischhofstr. 1-3, 24148 Kiel - Germany)
  29. 29Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences University of Notre Dame Notre Dame IN USA
  30. 30CEEES - Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Science [Notre Dame] (156 Fitzpatrick Hall , Notre Dame, IN 46556 - United States)
  31. 31State Key Laboratory of Submarine Geoscience; Key Laboratory of Polar Ecosystem and Climate Change, Ministry of Education; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Polar Life and Environment Sciences; and School of Oceanography Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai China
  32. 32Shanghai Jiao Tong University [Shanghai] (800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200240 - China)
  33. 33Antarctic Research Centre Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand
  34. 34Earth Sciences New Zealand Lower Hutt New Zealand
  35. 35GNS Science [Lower Hutt] (1 Fairway Dr, Avalon, Lower Hutt 5011 - New Zealand)
  36. 36NIWA - National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research [Auckland] (41 Market Place, Viaduct Harbour, Auckland Central 1010 - New Zealand)
  37. 37Victoria University of Wellington (PO Box 600 Wellington 6140 NEW ZEALAND - New Zealand)
  38. 38School of Geography Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham Birmingham UK
  39. 39School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences [Birmingham] (Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom - United Kingdom)
  40. 40Institute of Oceanography National Taiwan University Taipei City Taiwan

Abstract

Archaea are single‐celled microorganisms that are abundant in marine environments and play a key role in the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Archaea can biosynthesize a wide variety of isoprenoid membrane lipids, including isoprenoid glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (isoGDGTs). Experimental and empirical evidence demonstrates that the number of cyclopentane moieties in isoGDGTs is related to growth temperature, leading to the formulation and development of the TEX 86 ocean temperature proxy. The TEX 86 proxy has been widely applied to marine sediments spanning the last 190 million years and has revealed unique insights into the evolution of ocean temperatures over diverse timescales. Other indices have been developed using archaeal lipids to reconstruct ecological and biogeochemical processes that operate within the marine realm. However, several knowledge gaps (e.g., depth of export production, non‐temperature controls, application in non‐analogue climates) limit the application of archaeal lipid‐based proxies in modern and ancient marine environments. In this review, we critically assess the utility of archaeal lipids as tracers for (paleo) environmental change, with an emphasis on the TEX 86 paleotemperature proxy.

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BibTeX
@article{elling2026archaeal,
  title = {{Archaeal Tetraether Lipids as Tracers for Past Marine Environmental Change}},
  author = {Felix J. Elling and Gordon N. Inglis and Nina Davtian and Sarah J. Hurley and B. David A. Naafs and Lauren K. O’Connor and Richard David Pancost and Francien Peterse and Ronnakrit Rattanasriampaipong and Addison Rice and Florence Schubotz and Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté and Lars Wörmer and Alexandra Auderset and Kevin W. Becker and Melissa A. Berke and Peter Kristian Bijl and Cindy De Jonge and Liang Fei Dong and Bella Duncan and Tom Dunkley Jones and Pierrick Fenies and Susanne Fietz and Sze Ling Ho and Arnaud Huguet and Carme Huguet and Jérôme Kaiser and Xiao‐Lei Liu and Gesine Mollenhauer and Sebastian Naeher and Ann Pearson and Kasia K. Śliwińska and Appy Sluijs and Claudia Sosa-Montes de Oca and Qian Tian and Jessica E. Tierney and Devika Varma and Wenjie Xiao and Yige Zhang and Xiaoxiao Zhao},
  journal = {Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology},
  year = {2026},
  month = jul,
  doi = {10.1029/2025pa005373},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1029/2025pa005373},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Archaeal Tetraether Lipids as Tracers for Past Marine Environmental Change
AU  - Felix J. Elling
AU  - Gordon N. Inglis
AU  - Nina Davtian
AU  - Sarah J. Hurley
AU  - B. David A. Naafs
AU  - Lauren K. O’Connor
AU  - Richard David Pancost
AU  - Francien Peterse
AU  - Ronnakrit Rattanasriampaipong
AU  - Addison Rice
AU  - Florence Schubotz
AU  - Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté
AU  - Lars Wörmer
AU  - Alexandra Auderset
AU  - Kevin W. Becker
AU  - Melissa A. Berke
AU  - Peter Kristian Bijl
AU  - Cindy De Jonge
AU  - Liang Fei Dong
AU  - Bella Duncan
AU  - Tom Dunkley Jones
AU  - Pierrick Fenies
AU  - Susanne Fietz
AU  - Sze Ling Ho
AU  - Arnaud Huguet
AU  - Carme Huguet
AU  - Jérôme Kaiser
AU  - Xiao‐Lei Liu
AU  - Gesine Mollenhauer
AU  - Sebastian Naeher
AU  - Ann Pearson
AU  - Kasia K. Śliwińska
AU  - Appy Sluijs
AU  - Claudia Sosa-Montes de Oca
AU  - Qian Tian
AU  - Jessica E. Tierney
AU  - Devika Varma
AU  - Wenjie Xiao
AU  - Yige Zhang
AU  - Xiaoxiao Zhao
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/07/01
JO  - Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
DO  - 10.1029/2025pa005373
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1029/2025pa005373
AB  - Archaea are single‐celled microorganisms that are abundant in marine environments and play a key role in the carbon and nitrogen cycles. Archaea can biosynthesize a wide variety of isoprenoid membrane lipids, including isoprenoid glycerol dibiphytanyl glycerol tetraethers (isoGDGTs). Experimental and empirical evidence demonstrates that the number of cyclopentane moieties in isoGDGTs is related to growth temperature, leading to the formulation and development of the TEX 86 ocean temperature proxy. The TEX 86 proxy has been widely applied to marine sediments spanning the last 190 million years and has revealed unique insights into the evolution of ocean temperatures over diverse timescales. Other indices have been developed using archaeal lipids to reconstruct ecological and biogeochemical processes that operate within the marine realm. However, several knowledge gaps (e.g., depth of export production, non‐temperature controls, application in non‐analogue climates) limit the application of archaeal lipid‐based proxies in modern and ancient marine environments. In this review, we critically assess the utility of archaeal lipids as tracers for (paleo) environmental change, with an emphasis on the TEX 86 paleotemperature proxy.
SN  - 2572-4517
SN  - 2572-4525
ER  -