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PreprintCC BY 4.0arXiv

Ferroelastic domain wall driven glassy dynamics and photoresponse in a SrTiO3 (111) two-dimensional electron gas

  • Jyotirmay Maity
  • Manav Beniwal
  • Pranab Hazra
  • Sumit Tomar
  • Srimanta Middey
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Abstract

The (111) orientation of SrTiO3 (STO)-based heterostructures has emerged as a versatile platform for two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs), yet the influence of STO's polar ferroelastic domain-wall (DW) network on charge transport remains largely unexplored. Here we study AlOx/STO (111) interfaces hosting 2DEGs of different carrier densities. In the lower-density 2DEG, low-temperature transport exhibits thermal hysteresis, slow resistance relaxation, cooling-rate dependence, and memory effects, signaling glasslike electron dynamics. The relaxation is strongly non-monotonic in temperature, increasing below ∼80 K, peaking near 25 K, and vanishing below ∼12 K, tracking the established evolution of the ferroelastic DW state of bulk STO rather than any electronic energy scale, which identifies the DW network as its origin. These signatures are absent in a second, more metallic interface with much higher carrier density, demonstrating that the electron-DW coupling can be tuned. We further show that polar DWs govern the photoresponse: the persistent photoconductivity rises sharply below ∼80 K, coinciding with the onset of DW polarity. Together, these results establish polar ferroelastic DWs as a carrier-density-tunable electronic degree of freedom in STO (111)-based 2DEGs, opening routes to manipulate 2DEG properties through topological defects.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@misc{maity2026ferroelastic,
  title = {{Ferroelastic domain wall driven glassy dynamics and photoresponse in a SrTiO$_3$ (111) two-dimensional electron gas}},
  author = {Jyotirmay Maity and Manav Beniwal and Pranab Hazra and Sumit Tomar and Srimanta Middey},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.25943},
  eprint = {2610.25943},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.25943},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Ferroelastic domain wall driven glassy dynamics and photoresponse in a SrTiO_3 (111) two-dimensional electron gas
AU  - Jyotirmay Maity
AU  - Manav Beniwal
AU  - Pranab Hazra
AU  - Sumit Tomar
AU  - Srimanta Middey
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/19
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.25943
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.25943
AB  - The (111) orientation of SrTiO_3 (STO)-based heterostructures has emerged as a versatile platform for two-dimensional electron gases (2DEGs), yet the influence of STO's polar ferroelastic domain-wall (DW) network on charge transport remains largely unexplored. Here we study AlO_x/STO (111) interfaces hosting 2DEGs of different carrier densities. In the lower-density 2DEG, low-temperature transport exhibits thermal hysteresis, slow resistance relaxation, cooling-rate dependence, and memory effects, signaling glasslike electron dynamics. The relaxation is strongly non-monotonic in temperature, increasing below ∼80 K, peaking near 25 K, and vanishing below ∼12 K, tracking the established evolution of the ferroelastic DW state of bulk STO rather than any electronic energy scale, which identifies the DW network as its origin. These signatures are absent in a second, more metallic interface with much higher carrier density, demonstrating that the electron-DW coupling can be tuned. We further show that polar DWs govern the photoresponse: the persistent photoconductivity rises sharply below ∼80 K, coinciding with the onset of DW polarity. Together, these results establish polar ferroelastic DWs as a carrier-density-tunable electronic degree of freedom in STO (111)-based 2DEGs, opening routes to manipulate 2DEG properties through topological defects.
ER  -