Dissection of mammary cell landscape in ruminal dysbiosis-induced mastitis by single-cell RNA sequencing
5 affiliations
- 1Department of Gynecology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- 2Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
- 3Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- 4Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Xiantai Street, Changchun, China
- 5Department of Anesthesiology China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
Abstract
Growing evidence has underscored the contribution of gastrointestinal dysbiosis to the onset of mastitis, however, the local cellular changes responsible for the pathological processes of ruminal dysbiosis-induced mastitis (RDIM) are still unclear. Here, we profiled mammary single-cell transcriptomes in goats with RDIM, complemented by ruminal metagenomic and untargeted metabolomic analyses of rumen fluid and serum. Our results indicated that compromised lactation and barrier integrity in LumSec were linked to RDIM. Increased inflammatory macrophages and DCs, γδT and CD4+ TH cell populations, along with reduced Tex/Treg and B cells were implicated in RDIM. Fibroblasts exhibited increased gene expression related to the extracellular matrix, while lymphatic endothelial cells and Vas-venous structures displayed elevated inflammatory gene expression. Tight junction integrity and apelin signaling pathways were compromised in Vas-capillary during RDIM. Notably, metagenomic analysis indicated that RDIM correlated with reduced ruminal microbial diversity and shifts in microbial community composition. Key metabolic pathways including microbial tryptophan metabolism, secondary bile acid biosynthesis, and vitamin metabolism were significantly diminished during RDIM. Furthermore, tryptophan-induced AHR signaling and secondary bile acid receptor GPBAR1, primarily expressed in vascular endothelial cells and macrophages, respectively, which were reduced during RDIM. Collectively, our study provides a comprehensive atlas of mammary cell landscapes in RDIM, which may enhance the understanding of mastitis pathogenesis.
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BibTeX
@article{zhao2026dissection,
title = {{Dissection of mammary cell landscape in ruminal dysbiosis-induced mastitis by single-cell RNA sequencing}},
author = {Caijun Zhao and Zhuohan Li and Miao Liu and Lijuan Bao and Chongshan Yuan and Yihong Zhao and Keyi Wu and Min Qiu and Yuhong He and Naisheng Zhang and Xiaoyu Hu and Yun Zhang and Fanglei Han and Yunhe Fu},
journal = {NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes},
year = {2026},
month = jul,
doi = {10.1038/s41522-026-01076-7},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-026-01076-7},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Dissection of mammary cell landscape in ruminal dysbiosis-induced mastitis by single-cell RNA sequencing
AU - Caijun Zhao
AU - Zhuohan Li
AU - Miao Liu
AU - Lijuan Bao
AU - Chongshan Yuan
AU - Yihong Zhao
AU - Keyi Wu
AU - Min Qiu
AU - Yuhong He
AU - Naisheng Zhang
AU - Xiaoyu Hu
AU - Yun Zhang
AU - Fanglei Han
AU - Yunhe Fu
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/07/07
JO - NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes
DO - 10.1038/s41522-026-01076-7
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41522-026-01076-7
AB - Growing evidence has underscored the contribution of gastrointestinal dysbiosis to the onset of mastitis, however, the local cellular changes responsible for the pathological processes of ruminal dysbiosis-induced mastitis (RDIM) are still unclear. Here, we profiled mammary single-cell transcriptomes in goats with RDIM, complemented by ruminal metagenomic and untargeted metabolomic analyses of rumen fluid and serum. Our results indicated that compromised lactation and barrier integrity in LumSec were linked to RDIM. Increased inflammatory macrophages and DCs, γδT and CD4+ TH cell populations, along with reduced Tex/Treg and B cells were implicated in RDIM. Fibroblasts exhibited increased gene expression related to the extracellular matrix, while lymphatic endothelial cells and Vas-venous structures displayed elevated inflammatory gene expression. Tight junction integrity and apelin signaling pathways were compromised in Vas-capillary during RDIM. Notably, metagenomic analysis indicated that RDIM correlated with reduced ruminal microbial diversity and shifts in microbial community composition. Key metabolic pathways including microbial tryptophan metabolism, secondary bile acid biosynthesis, and vitamin metabolism were significantly diminished during RDIM. Furthermore, tryptophan-induced AHR signaling and secondary bile acid receptor GPBAR1, primarily expressed in vascular endothelial cells and macrophages, respectively, which were reduced during RDIM. Collectively, our study provides a comprehensive atlas of mammary cell landscapes in RDIM, which may enhance the understanding of mastitis pathogenesis.
SN - 2055-5008
ER -