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Peer-reviewedCC BYMicroorganisms

Low-Salinity Rice-Straw Bioflocs Retain Nitrogen-Removal Capacity After Salinity Transfer and Improve Survival of Pacific White Shrimp.

  • Dandan Huang1,2,3
  • Qingqi Guo1,3
  • Huilin Zhang1
  • Shijun Chen1
  • Zhaolin Lv1
  • Zhaojie Deng1
  • Canmin Yang1,2,3
  • Lian Gan1,2,3
  1. 1College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
  2. 2Guangdong Province Engineering Research Centre of Aquatic Immunization and Aquaculture Health Techniques, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
  3. 3Nansha-South China Agricultural University Fishery Research Institute, Guangzhou 511457, China.
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Abstract

Biofloc technology promotes dense microbial communities that remove nitrogenous waste and suppress pathogens, but the combined effects of salinity and carbon-nitrogen source selection on biofloc maturation and disease mitigation remain unclear. We evaluated two salinity levels (5 ppt and 25 ppt) and two carbon-nitrogen source combinations (rice straw with ammonium chloride or brown sugar with shrimp feed) in a 60-day biofloc trial. Under low salinity (5 ppt), the rice straw and ammonium chloride treatment reduced ammonia to undetectable levels by day 17 and nitrite to zero by day 40, while also establishing a stable, functionally diverse microbial community. When this mature biofloc was transferred abruptly to 15 ppt and 25 ppt, nitrite was again removed to zero within four days. Pre-inoculation of shrimp tanks with mature biofloc suppressed nitrite accumulation and lowered Vibrio loads in the hepatopancreas and gut, yielding a survival rate of 41% under natural infection compared with 0% in the control. In a Vibrio harveyi challenge, biofloc-treated groups achieved 90-93% survival versus 40-57% in non-inoculated groups and exhibited reduced tissue damage alongside increased abundance of beneficial Bacillus. Pre-stocking biofloc inoculation markedly reduces Vibrio infection risk and enhances shrimp survival, offering a cost-effective, eco-friendly strategy for improving water quality and biosecurity in high-density shrimp culture.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{huang2026lowsalinity,
  title = {{Low-Salinity Rice-Straw Bioflocs Retain Nitrogen-Removal Capacity After Salinity Transfer and Improve Survival of Pacific White Shrimp.}},
  author = {Dandan Huang and Qingqi Guo and Huilin Zhang and Shijun Chen and Zhaolin Lv and Zhaojie Deng and Canmin Yang and Lian Gan},
  journal = {Microorganisms},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3390/microorganisms14102349},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42943588},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Low-Salinity Rice-Straw Bioflocs Retain Nitrogen-Removal Capacity After Salinity Transfer and Improve Survival of Pacific White Shrimp.
AU  - Dandan Huang
AU  - Qingqi Guo
AU  - Huilin Zhang
AU  - Shijun Chen
AU  - Zhaolin Lv
AU  - Zhaojie Deng
AU  - Canmin Yang
AU  - Lian Gan
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/14
JO  - Microorganisms
DO  - 10.3390/microorganisms14102349
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42943588
AB  - Biofloc technology promotes dense microbial communities that remove nitrogenous waste and suppress pathogens, but the combined effects of salinity and carbon-nitrogen source selection on biofloc maturation and disease mitigation remain unclear. We evaluated two salinity levels (5 ppt and 25 ppt) and two carbon-nitrogen source combinations (rice straw with ammonium chloride or brown sugar with shrimp feed) in a 60-day biofloc trial. Under low salinity (5 ppt), the rice straw and ammonium chloride treatment reduced ammonia to undetectable levels by day 17 and nitrite to zero by day 40, while also establishing a stable, functionally diverse microbial community. When this mature biofloc was transferred abruptly to 15 ppt and 25 ppt, nitrite was again removed to zero within four days. Pre-inoculation of shrimp tanks with mature biofloc suppressed nitrite accumulation and lowered Vibrio loads in the hepatopancreas and gut, yielding a survival rate of 41% under natural infection compared with 0% in the control. In a Vibrio harveyi challenge, biofloc-treated groups achieved 90-93% survival versus 40-57% in non-inoculated groups and exhibited reduced tissue damage alongside increased abundance of beneficial Bacillus. Pre-stocking biofloc inoculation markedly reduces Vibrio infection risk and enhances shrimp survival, offering a cost-effective, eco-friendly strategy for improving water quality and biosecurity in high-density shrimp culture.
SN  - 2076-2607
ER  -