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Peer-reviewedCC BYOral Oncology Reports

Predictors of opioid use at long-term follow-up following radiation therapy for head and neck cancer

  • Katherine Qingya Shao1
  • Guanqing Chen2
  • Md Mahin3
  • Amy Moreno3
  • Clifton D. Fuller3
  • Saba Javed4
4 affiliations
  1. 1School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States; Corresponding author. Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plz, Houston, TX, 77030,United States.
  2. 2Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
  3. 3Department of Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
  4. 4Department of Pain Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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Abstract

Context: Long-term opioid use after radiation therapy remains a clinically important issue among cancer survivors and patients with chronic pain. Identifying factors associated with opioid use at long-term follow-up may help target early interventions and supportive care resources. Objective: To identify demographic, clinical, pain-related, and opioid-related factors associated with opioid use at FU2 (the second follow-up assessment occurring ≥180 days after the completion of radiation therapy). Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients receiving radiation therapy (RT) with available pain and opioid follow-up data. Opioid use at long-term follow-up (FU2) was defined by active (scheduled or as-needed) opioid prescriptions at ≥180 days after RT. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of opioid use at long-term follow-up (FU2). Candidate predictors included demographic variables, smoking history, opioid use before RT, baseline pain scores, longitudinal pain burden (AUC), and pain scores after RT. Results: Higher opioid use within one week before RT start was independently associated with opioid use at FU2. Weekly pain burden during RT and early post-treatment pain scores demonstrated trends toward significance. Demographic factors, including age, sex, and smoking status, were not significantly associated with opioid use at long-term follow-up (FU2). Conclusions: Pre-treatment opioid exposure was independently associated with opioid use at long-term follow-up (FU2). Prospective studies are required to determine whether pre-treatment opioid optimization improves long-term outcomes.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{shao2026predictors,
  title = {{Predictors of opioid use at long-term follow-up following radiation therapy for head and neck cancer}},
  author = {Katherine Qingya Shao and Guanqing Chen and Md Mahin and Amy Moreno and Clifton D. Fuller and Saba Javed},
  journal = {Oral Oncology Reports},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1016/j.oor.2026.100804},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oor.2026.100804},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Predictors of opioid use at long-term follow-up following radiation therapy for head and neck cancer
AU  - Katherine Qingya Shao
AU  - Guanqing Chen
AU  - Md Mahin
AU  - Amy Moreno
AU  - Clifton D. Fuller
AU  - Saba Javed
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/31
JO  - Oral Oncology Reports
DO  - 10.1016/j.oor.2026.100804
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oor.2026.100804
AB  - Context: Long-term opioid use after radiation therapy remains a clinically important issue among cancer survivors and patients with chronic pain. Identifying factors associated with opioid use at long-term follow-up may help target early interventions and supportive care resources. Objective: To identify demographic, clinical, pain-related, and opioid-related factors associated with opioid use at FU2 (the second follow-up assessment occurring ≥180 days after the completion of radiation therapy). Methods: Retrospective cohort study of patients receiving radiation therapy (RT) with available pain and opioid follow-up data. Opioid use at long-term follow-up (FU2) was defined by active (scheduled or as-needed) opioid prescriptions at ≥180 days after RT. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify predictors of opioid use at long-term follow-up (FU2). Candidate predictors included demographic variables, smoking history, opioid use before RT, baseline pain scores, longitudinal pain burden (AUC), and pain scores after RT. Results: Higher opioid use within one week before RT start was independently associated with opioid use at FU2. Weekly pain burden during RT and early post-treatment pain scores demonstrated trends toward significance. Demographic factors, including age, sex, and smoking status, were not significantly associated with opioid use at long-term follow-up (FU2). Conclusions: Pre-treatment opioid exposure was independently associated with opioid use at long-term follow-up (FU2). Prospective studies are required to determine whether pre-treatment opioid optimization improves long-term outcomes.
SN  - 2772-9060
ER  -