Zero noise extrapolation of transport coefficients
Abstract
NISQ devices routinely estimate properties of the noiseless system from measurements at varying noise strengths γ. These zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE) schemes fail to estimate transport coefficients of conserved quantities when the noise violates the associated conservation laws. We show how to extrapolate measurements in noisy, one-dimensional, non-integrable spin chains to obtain the spin transport coefficients governing linear response in the zero-noise limit. As the wavevector of the Fourier mode of a conserved quantity goes to zero, its decay rate vanishes. The coefficient of the leading momentum dependence defines a transport coefficient in the noiseless system, and an analogous effective coefficient in the noisy one. Naive ZNE implicitly assumes that this effective coefficient is analytic in γ as γ→ 0. Our main result is that universal non-linear corrections to hydrodynamics can produce non-analytic dependence on γ. In particular, we argue that the effective spin diffusion coefficient of a dissipative Heisenberg chain and the effective subdiffusion coefficient of a dipole-conserving fracton approach their noiseless value as γ1/2. We benchmark these analytical predictions numerically.
Related
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BibTeX
@misc{singh2026zero,
title = {{Zero noise extrapolation of transport coefficients}},
author = {Hansveer Singh and Pieter Claeys and Sarang Gopalakrishnan and Anushya Chandran},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2611.05481},
eprint = {2611.05481},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.05481},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Zero noise extrapolation of transport coefficients
AU - Hansveer Singh
AU - Pieter Claeys
AU - Sarang Gopalakrishnan
AU - Anushya Chandran
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/03
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2611.05481
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.05481
AB - NISQ devices routinely estimate properties of the noiseless system from measurements at varying noise strengths γ. These zero-noise extrapolation (ZNE) schemes fail to estimate transport coefficients of conserved quantities when the noise violates the associated conservation laws. We show how to extrapolate measurements in noisy, one-dimensional, non-integrable spin chains to obtain the spin transport coefficients governing linear response in the zero-noise limit. As the wavevector of the Fourier mode of a conserved quantity goes to zero, its decay rate vanishes. The coefficient of the leading momentum dependence defines a transport coefficient in the noiseless system, and an analogous effective coefficient in the noisy one. Naive ZNE implicitly assumes that this effective coefficient is analytic in γ as γ→ 0. Our main result is that universal non-linear corrections to hydrodynamics can produce non-analytic dependence on γ. In particular, we argue that the effective spin diffusion coefficient of a dissipative Heisenberg chain and the effective subdiffusion coefficient of a dipole-conserving fracton approach their noiseless value as γ^1/2. We benchmark these analytical predictions numerically.
ER -