Reheating surface volume renormalization and eternal inflation under broken scale invariance
Abstract
Recently, Cotler, Ivo, and Maldacena have shown that under scale invariance, eternal inflation is interpreted as a failure of the reheating surface volume renormalization due to an ill-defined scaling dimension. Meanwhile, observations suggest that scale invariance is slightly broken, which is parametrized by deviation of the spectral index from unity, ε=ns−1. Motivated by this, we study how the scale invariance breaking effect modifies the no-eternal inflation condition as the renormalizability of the reheating surface volume. For this purpose, we adopt two independent approaches: investigating the behavior of the normal ordered reheating surface volume operator under a shift of the curvature perturbation, and analyzing the coarse-graining structure to obtain the scaling dimension. Both approaches commonly reveal that as long as ε is negative, which is consistent with observations, the fractal structure of the reheating surface volume breaks down at macroscopic scale, moderating the no-eternal inflation condition.
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BibTeX
@misc{seo2026reheating,
title = {{Reheating surface volume renormalization and eternal inflation under broken scale invariance}},
author = {Min-Seok Seo},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.07807},
eprint = {2610.07807},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.07807},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Reheating surface volume renormalization and eternal inflation under broken scale invariance
AU - Min-Seok Seo
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/06
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.07807
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.07807
AB - Recently, Cotler, Ivo, and Maldacena have shown that under scale invariance, eternal inflation is interpreted as a failure of the reheating surface volume renormalization due to an ill-defined scaling dimension. Meanwhile, observations suggest that scale invariance is slightly broken, which is parametrized by deviation of the spectral index from unity, ε=n_s−1. Motivated by this, we study how the scale invariance breaking effect modifies the no-eternal inflation condition as the renormalizability of the reheating surface volume. For this purpose, we adopt two independent approaches: investigating the behavior of the normal ordered reheating surface volume operator under a shift of the curvature perturbation, and analyzing the coarse-graining structure to obtain the scaling dimension. Both approaches commonly reveal that as long as ε is negative, which is consistent with observations, the fractal structure of the reheating surface volume breaks down at macroscopic scale, moderating the no-eternal inflation condition.
ER -