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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Nanomaterials

Surface Chemistry Engineering of Layered Double Hydroxides for Antigen Adsorption in Zika Virus Nanovaccine Development

  • Sayma A. Rodriguez-Montelongo1
  • Arleth Miranda-Lopez1,2
  • Mariana Sanchez-Gil1,2
  • Lourdes Betancourt-Mendiola1,2
  • Veronica Perez-Luna3
  • Mauricio Comas-Garcia3,4
  • Mariano J. Garcia-Soto1
  • Sergio Rosales-Mendoza1,2,5
  • Omar Gonzalez-Ortega1,2
5 affiliations
  1. 1Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Manuel Nava 6, San Luis Potosi 78210, Mexico
  2. 2Sección de Biotecnología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, San Luis Potosi 78210, Mexico
  3. 3Sección de Microscopía de Alta Resolución, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud y Biomedicina, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Sierra Leona 550, San Luis Potosi 78210, Mexico
  4. 4Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Av. Parque Chapultepec 1570, San Luis Potosi 78210, Mexico
  5. 5Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Abstract

Layered double hydroxides (LDH) are promising nanocarriers for vaccine delivery due to their biocompatibility and tunable surface properties. This study evaluated LDH and surface-functionalized derivatives containing amino (LDH–NH2) and carboxyl (LDH–COOH) groups as delivery platforms for a recombinant Zika virus (ZIKV) antigen (rpZDIII). The nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation/hydrothermal treatment and afterward functionalized via silanization and succinylation. Their physicochemical characterization included hydrodynamic size, ζ potential, point of zero charge, and amine concentration, along with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyses. Protein adsorption was evaluated using bovine serum albumin, α-chymotrypsin, and the recombinant antigen rpZDIII. Cytotoxicity and immunogenicity were evaluated in HEK-293T cells and BALB/c mice, respectively. The functionalization affected the protein adsorption capacity and its retention after washing. The adsorption of rpZDIII was best described by the Freundlich model, with LDH–NH2 having the highest antigen adsorption and retention. All three formulations maintained high cell viability at lower nanoparticle concentrations (12.5–50 μg/mL). Immunization studies demonstrated that all nanoparticle formulations elicited strong antibody responses against rpZDIII; however, only unmodified LDH-induced antibodies were able to bind the full-length recombinant ZIKV envelope protein. These findings demonstrate that the surface chemistry of LDH influences the adsorption of antigens, their retention, and their further immune recognition, highlighting the importance of preserving antigen accessibility during the design of LDH-based nanovaccines.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{rodriguezmontelongo2026surface,
  title = {{Surface Chemistry Engineering of Layered Double Hydroxides for Antigen Adsorption in Zika Virus Nanovaccine Development}},
  author = {Sayma A. Rodriguez-Montelongo and Arleth Miranda-Lopez and Mariana Sanchez-Gil and Lourdes Betancourt-Mendiola and Veronica Perez-Luna and Mauricio Comas-Garcia and Mariano J. Garcia-Soto and Sergio Rosales-Mendoza and Omar Gonzalez-Ortega},
  journal = {Nanomaterials},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.3390/nano16211419},
  url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/21/1419},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Surface Chemistry Engineering of Layered Double Hydroxides for Antigen Adsorption in Zika Virus Nanovaccine Development
AU  - Sayma A. Rodriguez-Montelongo
AU  - Arleth Miranda-Lopez
AU  - Mariana Sanchez-Gil
AU  - Lourdes Betancourt-Mendiola
AU  - Veronica Perez-Luna
AU  - Mauricio Comas-Garcia
AU  - Mariano J. Garcia-Soto
AU  - Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
AU  - Omar Gonzalez-Ortega
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/04
JO  - Nanomaterials
DO  - 10.3390/nano16211419
UR  - https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/16/21/1419
AB  - Layered double hydroxides (LDH) are promising nanocarriers for vaccine delivery due to their biocompatibility and tunable surface properties. This study evaluated LDH and surface-functionalized derivatives containing amino (LDH–NH2) and carboxyl (LDH–COOH) groups as delivery platforms for a recombinant Zika virus (ZIKV) antigen (rpZDIII). The nanoparticles were synthesized by coprecipitation/hydrothermal treatment and afterward functionalized via silanization and succinylation. Their physicochemical characterization included hydrodynamic size, ζ potential, point of zero charge, and amine concentration, along with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyses. Protein adsorption was evaluated using bovine serum albumin, α-chymotrypsin, and the recombinant antigen rpZDIII. Cytotoxicity and immunogenicity were evaluated in HEK-293T cells and BALB/c mice, respectively. The functionalization affected the protein adsorption capacity and its retention after washing. The adsorption of rpZDIII was best described by the Freundlich model, with LDH–NH2 having the highest antigen adsorption and retention. All three formulations maintained high cell viability at lower nanoparticle concentrations (12.5–50 μg/mL). Immunization studies demonstrated that all nanoparticle formulations elicited strong antibody responses against rpZDIII; however, only unmodified LDH-induced antibodies were able to bind the full-length recombinant ZIKV envelope protein. These findings demonstrate that the surface chemistry of LDH influences the adsorption of antigens, their retention, and their further immune recognition, highlighting the importance of preserving antigen accessibility during the design of LDH-based nanovaccines.
SN  - 2079-4991
ER  -