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Peer-reviewedCC BYDrug delivery

Harnessing chemokines and nanocarriers to reprogram the tumor microenvironment.

  • Ruixue Bai1,2
  • Anya Wang2,3
  • Yao Li2,3
  • Yunong Li2,3
  • Xueyi Song2,3
  • Weimin Ni4
  • Qian Wei2,3
  • Jia Bi2,3
  • Minjie Wei2,3
  • Lin Zhao2,3
  • Enshuo Liu5
  • Mingyi Ju2,3
5 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Pharmacy, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.
  2. 2Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.
  3. 3Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China.
  4. 4Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, P.R. China.
  5. 5Endoscopy Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, P.R. China.
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Abstract

Although cancer immunotherapy has significantly altered the treatment landscape for malignant tumors, the intricate and diverse tumor microenvironment (TME) still limits its effectiveness in solid tumors. The TME is a complex and heterogeneous environment, shaped predominantly by chemokines rather than being a passive consequence of various biological processes. Therefore, it is essential to comprehend and fully utilize chemokine-guided immune cell navigation in order to overcome immunological rejection and increase the effectiveness of combination cancer therapy. In this review, we begin by summarizing the developing understanding of chemokine involvement in the TME. We then look at how distinct chemokine axes direct immune cells to different tumor areas, as well as the important elements that influence these processes. In addition, we discuss recent developments in integrating chemokines or chemokine receptors with nanodelivery technologies. These systems can stabilize chemokines, prolong local retention, create sustained gradients, and use chemokine-receptor interactions for targeted delivery. Overall, this review provides an updated framework for understanding chemokine-guided tumor immune modulation, as well as insights for developing next-generation nanomedicines and chemokine-based immunotherapeutic methods.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{bai2026harnessing,
  title = {{Harnessing chemokines and nanocarriers to reprogram the tumor microenvironment.}},
  author = {Ruixue Bai and Anya Wang and Yao Li and Yunong Li and Xueyi Song and Weimin Ni and Qian Wei and Jia Bi and Minjie Wei and Lin Zhao and Enshuo Liu and Mingyi Ju},
  journal = {Drug delivery},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1080/10717544.2026.2752676},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42953944},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Harnessing chemokines and nanocarriers to reprogram the tumor microenvironment.
AU  - Ruixue Bai
AU  - Anya Wang
AU  - Yao Li
AU  - Yunong Li
AU  - Xueyi Song
AU  - Weimin Ni
AU  - Qian Wei
AU  - Jia Bi
AU  - Minjie Wei
AU  - Lin Zhao
AU  - Enshuo Liu
AU  - Mingyi Ju
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/29
JO  - Drug delivery
DO  - 10.1080/10717544.2026.2752676
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42953944
AB  - Although cancer immunotherapy has significantly altered the treatment landscape for malignant tumors, the intricate and diverse tumor microenvironment (TME) still limits its effectiveness in solid tumors. The TME is a complex and heterogeneous environment, shaped predominantly by chemokines rather than being a passive consequence of various biological processes. Therefore, it is essential to comprehend and fully utilize chemokine-guided immune cell navigation in order to overcome immunological rejection and increase the effectiveness of combination cancer therapy. In this review, we begin by summarizing the developing understanding of chemokine involvement in the TME. We then look at how distinct chemokine axes direct immune cells to different tumor areas, as well as the important elements that influence these processes. In addition, we discuss recent developments in integrating chemokines or chemokine receptors with nanodelivery technologies. These systems can stabilize chemokines, prolong local retention, create sustained gradients, and use chemokine-receptor interactions for targeted delivery. Overall, this review provides an updated framework for understanding chemokine-guided tumor immune modulation, as well as insights for developing next-generation nanomedicines and chemokine-based immunotherapeutic methods.
SN  - 1071-7544
SN  - 1521-0464
ER  -