Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Oncology Patients During Active Chemotherapy: A Saudi Arabian Retrospective Study.
- 1Department of Radiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- 2Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
- 3Department of Radiology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) is a recognized complication in oncology patients undergoing contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) during chemotherapy. Limited data exist on CA-AKI incidence in patients with preserved baseline renal function, particularly in Middle Eastern populations. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 146 adult oncology patients with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) greater than 50 mL/min/1.73 m² who underwent CECT within 45 days of chemotherapy at a tertiary cancer center in Saudi Arabia (January 2017-December 2018). CA-AKI was defined as an absolute serum creatinine increase of 0.3 mg/dL or more, or as a relative increase of more than 50% within 48 to 72 hours of contrast administration. Given the small number of events (n=2), descriptive statistics and exploratory univariate analyses were performed. RESULTS CA-AKI occurred in 2 of 146 patients (1.4%; 95% CI: 0.2%-5.0%). Mean age was 51.5±16.2 years; 58% were women. Cancer types included solid tumors (81.5%) and hematological malignancies (17.8%). The chemotherapy-to-CECT interval was shorter in patients with CA-AKI (mean: 2 days) than in patients without CA-AKI (mean: 23.3±12.8 days; P=0.02). This association is exploratory and hypothesis-generating given the extremely limited number of events. CONCLUSIONS CA-AKI incidence was relatively low (1.4%) in oncology patients with preserved baseline renal function undergoing CECT during active chemotherapy. The observed association between shorter chemotherapy-to-imaging intervals and CA-AKI requires prospective validation and should not be interpreted as a definitive causal relationship. These findings provide preliminary regional data from Saudi Arabia and underscore the need for larger, well-designed prospective studies to better characterize CA-AKI risk in this population.
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BibTeX
@article{alzahrani2026contrastassociated,
title = {{Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Oncology Patients During Active Chemotherapy: A Saudi Arabian Retrospective Study.}},
author = {Abdulmalek Alzahrani and Mohammad Alsayed and Salah Shihata and Wgoud Mohamed and Mohammed S Alqarni and Rahaf Almoallim and Abdulaziz Khiyami and Abdullah Felemban and Majed Ashour and Zergham Zia},
journal = {Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.12659/msm.953198},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42902549},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Contrast-Associated Acute Kidney Injury in Oncology Patients During Active Chemotherapy: A Saudi Arabian Retrospective Study.
AU - Abdulmalek Alzahrani
AU - Mohammad Alsayed
AU - Salah Shihata
AU - Wgoud Mohamed
AU - Mohammed S Alqarni
AU - Rahaf Almoallim
AU - Abdulaziz Khiyami
AU - Abdullah Felemban
AU - Majed Ashour
AU - Zergham Zia
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/21
JO - Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
DO - 10.12659/msm.953198
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42902549
AB - BACKGROUND Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) is a recognized complication in oncology patients undergoing contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) during chemotherapy. Limited data exist on CA-AKI incidence in patients with preserved baseline renal function, particularly in Middle Eastern populations. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 146 adult oncology patients with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) greater than 50 mL/min/1.73 m² who underwent CECT within 45 days of chemotherapy at a tertiary cancer center in Saudi Arabia (January 2017-December 2018). CA-AKI was defined as an absolute serum creatinine increase of 0.3 mg/dL or more, or as a relative increase of more than 50% within 48 to 72 hours of contrast administration. Given the small number of events (n=2), descriptive statistics and exploratory univariate analyses were performed. RESULTS CA-AKI occurred in 2 of 146 patients (1.4%; 95% CI: 0.2%-5.0%). Mean age was 51.5±16.2 years; 58% were women. Cancer types included solid tumors (81.5%) and hematological malignancies (17.8%). The chemotherapy-to-CECT interval was shorter in patients with CA-AKI (mean: 2 days) than in patients without CA-AKI (mean: 23.3±12.8 days; P=0.02). This association is exploratory and hypothesis-generating given the extremely limited number of events. CONCLUSIONS CA-AKI incidence was relatively low (1.4%) in oncology patients with preserved baseline renal function undergoing CECT during active chemotherapy. The observed association between shorter chemotherapy-to-imaging intervals and CA-AKI requires prospective validation and should not be interpreted as a definitive causal relationship. These findings provide preliminary regional data from Saudi Arabia and underscore the need for larger, well-designed prospective studies to better characterize CA-AKI risk in this population.
SN - 1234-1010
SN - 1643-3750
ER -