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Peer-reviewedCC BYFrontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences

Development and psychometric validation of a tool to assess healthcare providers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices in pediatric injury rehabilitation in Northern Tanzania

  • Baraka Moshi1
  • Baraka Moshi2
  • Baraka Moshi3
  • Blandina T. Mmbaga1
  • Blandina T. Mmbaga3
  • Blandina T. Mmbaga4
  • Blandina T. Mmbaga5
  • Elizabeth M. Keating6
  • Catherine A. Staton3
  • Catherine A. Staton4
  • Catherine A. Staton7
  • Haleluya Moshi8
5 more authors
  • Haleluya Moshi9
  • Michael J. Mahande2
  • Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci3
  • Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci4
  • Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci7
9 affiliations
  1. 1Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, Tanzania
  2. 2Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, KCMC University, Moshi, Tanzania
  3. 3Global Emergency Medicine Innovation and Implementation (GEMINI) Research Centre, Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
  4. 4Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
  5. 5Department of Pediatric and Child Health, School of Medicine, KCMC University, Moshi, Tanzania
  6. 6Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
  7. 7Department of Emergency Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, United States
  8. 8Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Moshi, Tanzania
  9. 9Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation Medicine, KCMC University, Moshi, Tanzania
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Abstract

BackgroundRehabilitation is essential for improving outcomes in pediatric injury care, yet its effectiveness depends on healthcare providers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). However, no standardized tool exists to assess these factors in pediatric injury rehabilitation. This study aimed to develop and validate a tool assessing healthcare providers’ KAP in pediatric injury rehabilitation in Northern Tanzania.MethodsA methodological study with cross-sectional validation was conducted among multidisciplinary healthcare providers involved in pediatric injury rehabilitation. The KAP tool was initially developed through a literature review and methodological guidance, followed by formal content evaluation by five experts and pilot testing with 10 healthcare providers. Participant characteristics and item responses were summarized using descriptive statistics. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted using a sample of 102 healthcare providers, followed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in a separate sample of 210 healthcare providers. Content validity, construct validity, and internal consistency were assessed using the Content Validity Index, factor analysis, and reliability coefficients, respectively.ResultsThe final tool included 42 items across knowledge (23), attitude (9), and practice (10) domains, reduced from an initial 72 items, content validity was strong (CVI = 0.88). EFA supported a three-factor structure for the knowledge domain and single-factor structures for the attitude and practice domains. CFA further supported the proposed structure, demonstrating acceptable model fit across all domains. Internal consistency ranged from acceptable to good, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranging from 0.78 to 0.88 and McDonald's omega ranging from 0.79 to 0.89.ConclusionsThe validated KAP tool demonstrates acceptable psychometric properties and can be used to assess healthcare providers’ competencies in pediatric injury rehabilitation. It provides a standardized instrument for research and program evaluation in similar resource-limited settings.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{moshi2026development,
  title = {{Development and psychometric validation of a tool to assess healthcare providers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices in pediatric injury rehabilitation in Northern Tanzania}},
  author = {Baraka Moshi and Baraka Moshi and Baraka Moshi and Blandina T. Mmbaga and Blandina T. Mmbaga and Blandina T. Mmbaga and Blandina T. Mmbaga and Elizabeth M. Keating and Catherine A. Staton and Catherine A. Staton and Catherine A. Staton and Haleluya Moshi and Haleluya Moshi and Michael J. Mahande and Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci and Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci and Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci},
  journal = {Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fresc.2026.1960075},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fresc.2026.1960075},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Development and psychometric validation of a tool to assess healthcare providers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices in pediatric injury rehabilitation in Northern Tanzania
AU  - Baraka Moshi
AU  - Baraka Moshi
AU  - Baraka Moshi
AU  - Blandina T. Mmbaga
AU  - Blandina T. Mmbaga
AU  - Blandina T. Mmbaga
AU  - Blandina T. Mmbaga
AU  - Elizabeth M. Keating
AU  - Catherine A. Staton
AU  - Catherine A. Staton
AU  - Catherine A. Staton
AU  - Haleluya Moshi
AU  - Haleluya Moshi
AU  - Michael J. Mahande
AU  - Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci
AU  - Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci
AU  - Joao Ricardo Nickenig Vissoci
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/26
JO  - Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences
DO  - 10.3389/fresc.2026.1960075
UR  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fresc.2026.1960075
AB  - BackgroundRehabilitation is essential for improving outcomes in pediatric injury care, yet its effectiveness depends on healthcare providers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP). However, no standardized tool exists to assess these factors in pediatric injury rehabilitation. This study aimed to develop and validate a tool assessing healthcare providers’ KAP in pediatric injury rehabilitation in Northern Tanzania.MethodsA methodological study with cross-sectional validation was conducted among multidisciplinary healthcare providers involved in pediatric injury rehabilitation. The KAP tool was initially developed through a literature review and methodological guidance, followed by formal content evaluation by five experts and pilot testing with 10 healthcare providers. Participant characteristics and item responses were summarized using descriptive statistics. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted using a sample of 102 healthcare providers, followed by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in a separate sample of 210 healthcare providers. Content validity, construct validity, and internal consistency were assessed using the Content Validity Index, factor analysis, and reliability coefficients, respectively.ResultsThe final tool included 42 items across knowledge (23), attitude (9), and practice (10) domains, reduced from an initial 72 items, content validity was strong (CVI = 0.88). EFA supported a three-factor structure for the knowledge domain and single-factor structures for the attitude and practice domains. CFA further supported the proposed structure, demonstrating acceptable model fit across all domains. Internal consistency ranged from acceptable to good, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranging from 0.78 to 0.88 and McDonald's omega ranging from 0.79 to 0.89.ConclusionsThe validated KAP tool demonstrates acceptable psychometric properties and can be used to assess healthcare providers’ competencies in pediatric injury rehabilitation. It provides a standardized instrument for research and program evaluation in similar resource-limited settings.
SN  - 2673-6861
ER  -