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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Endocrine Connections

Health-related quality of life in benign thyroid diseases assessed by ThyPRO

  • Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj1
  • Aleksandra Derwich-Rudowicz1
  • Barbara Bromińska1
  • Joanna Maciejewska1
  • Kacper Nijakowski2
  • Paulina Kozłowska1
  • Oliwier Adamczak1
  • Zachariasz Rytelewski1
  • Angelos Kyriacou3,4
  • Marek Ruchała1
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
  2. 2Department of Conservative Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
  3. 3School of Medicine, European University Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus
  4. 4Diabetes, Endocrinology and Obesity Medicine, Salford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, Greater Manchester, UK
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Abstract

Purpose: Benign thyroid diseases are common conditions that often require long-term treatment. In some patients, symptoms persist despite normalization of biochemical parameters, significantly affecting quality of life (QoL). This study evaluated treatment-associated changes in QoL using the thyroid patient reported outcome (ThyPRO) questionnaire and summarized differences in QoL profiles reported across thyroid conditions.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched up to April 2024. Data were extracted and synthesized using standardized mean differences.

Results: Twenty-five studies were included. Significant pre-post-treatment improvements in overall QoL and selected symptom domains were observed. In Graves’ disease, improvements were observed in hyperthyroid symptoms, anxiety, impaired daily life, and overall QoL. In non-toxic goiter, improvements were observed in goiter symptoms, cosmetic complaints, anxiety, tiredness, and overall QoL. In toxic nodular goiter, significant improvements were observed in hyperthyroid and goiter symptoms and overall QoL, whereas several other domains did not change significantly. In hypothyroidism, significant improvements were observed in selected domains, including tiredness, impaired daily life, mood-related symptoms, and overall QoL. Analyses comparing ThyPRO scores between patient groups showed differences in selected domains; these comparisons were interpreted descriptively.

Conclusion: Treatment was associated with improvements in QoL across the analyzed benign thyroid conditions, varying by disease group. Given the heterogeneity of the included studies and the absence of head-to-head comparisons of treatment efficacy across conditions, these findings should be interpreted descriptively. Disease-specific QoL assessment may help clinicians identify persistent symptom domains requiring attention during follow-up.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{sawickagutaj2026healthrelated,
  title = {{Health-related quality of life in benign thyroid diseases assessed by ThyPRO}},
  author = {Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj and Aleksandra Derwich-Rudowicz and Barbara Bromińska and Joanna Maciejewska and Kacper Nijakowski and Paulina Kozłowska and Oliwier Adamczak and Zachariasz Rytelewski and Angelos Kyriacou and Marek Ruchała},
  journal = {Endocrine Connections},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1530/ec-26-0097},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1530/ec-26-0097},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Health-related quality of life in benign thyroid diseases assessed by ThyPRO
AU  - Nadia Sawicka-Gutaj
AU  - Aleksandra Derwich-Rudowicz
AU  - Barbara Bromińska
AU  - Joanna Maciejewska
AU  - Kacper Nijakowski
AU  - Paulina Kozłowska
AU  - Oliwier Adamczak
AU  - Zachariasz Rytelewski
AU  - Angelos Kyriacou
AU  - Marek Ruchała
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/27
JO  - Endocrine Connections
DO  - 10.1530/ec-26-0097
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1530/ec-26-0097
AB  - Purpose: Benign thyroid diseases are common conditions that often require long-term treatment. In some patients, symptoms persist despite normalization of biochemical parameters, significantly affecting quality of life (QoL). This study evaluated treatment-associated changes in QoL using the thyroid patient reported outcome (ThyPRO) questionnaire and summarized differences in QoL profiles reported across thyroid conditions.  Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. PubMed, Scopus, and Embase were searched up to April 2024. Data were extracted and synthesized using standardized mean differences.  Results: Twenty-five studies were included. Significant pre-post-treatment improvements in overall QoL and selected symptom domains were observed. In Graves’ disease, improvements were observed in hyperthyroid symptoms, anxiety, impaired daily life, and overall QoL. In non-toxic goiter, improvements were observed in goiter symptoms, cosmetic complaints, anxiety, tiredness, and overall QoL. In toxic nodular goiter, significant improvements were observed in hyperthyroid and goiter symptoms and overall QoL, whereas several other domains did not change significantly. In hypothyroidism, significant improvements were observed in selected domains, including tiredness, impaired daily life, mood-related symptoms, and overall QoL. Analyses comparing ThyPRO scores between patient groups showed differences in selected domains; these comparisons were interpreted descriptively.  Conclusion: Treatment was associated with improvements in QoL across the analyzed benign thyroid conditions, varying by disease group. Given the heterogeneity of the included studies and the absence of head-to-head comparisons of treatment efficacy across conditions, these findings should be interpreted descriptively. Disease-specific QoL assessment may help clinicians identify persistent symptom domains requiring attention during follow-up.
SN  - 2049-3614
ER  -