Numerical Modeling of Orthogonal Cutting in 3D-Printed PEEK: Process Parameters and Simulation Validation
- 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, University Carlos III of Madrid, Avd. de la Universidad 30, Leganés, 28911 Madrid, Spain
- 2Experimental Mechanics Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) is rapidly transforming industrial production by offering a low-waste and highly customizable alternative to traditional subtractive methods. However, tight dimensional tolerances and complex geometries often require post-process machining of 3D-printed components. Among high-performance thermoplastics, polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) is preferred for its thermal stability and mechanical strength. A key novelty of this study addresses a critical gap in the literature: while some analyses of PEEK machining consider cutting and pressure parameters, few documented instances examine unreinforced PEEK at high cutting speeds. This knowledge gap is highly relevant because the absence of reinforcement and high cutting speeds interact through temperature-induced thermal softening. Utilizing a validated finite element model in ABAQUS, the research presents a comprehensive numerical investigation of the orthogonal micromachining of 3D-printed PEEK, analyzing the influence of printing parameters (building orientation and strategy) alongside machining variables (cutting speed and depth of cut). The study identifies critical anisotropic effects, where specific build orientations, particularly −45°, maximize mechanical resistance and heat generation. Conversely, multi-layer stacking sequences (e.g., 0°/90° and 45°/−45°) are shown to enhance structural rigidity and improve surface finish by optimizing chip formation mechanics and reducing interfacial temperatures. These findings provide a consistent framework for optimizing the post-processing of additively manufactured advanced polymers.
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BibTeX
@article{gomezgarcia2026numerical,
title = {{Numerical Modeling of Orthogonal Cutting in 3D-Printed PEEK: Process Parameters and Simulation Validation}},
author = {David Gómez-García and Jose Díaz-Álvarez and George Youssef and Antonio Díaz-Álvarez},
journal = {Polymers},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.3390/polym18212639},
url = {https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/21/2639},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Numerical Modeling of Orthogonal Cutting in 3D-Printed PEEK: Process Parameters and Simulation Validation
AU - David Gómez-García
AU - Jose Díaz-Álvarez
AU - George Youssef
AU - Antonio Díaz-Álvarez
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/24
JO - Polymers
DO - 10.3390/polym18212639
UR - https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/18/21/2639
AB - Additive manufacturing (AM) is rapidly transforming industrial production by offering a low-waste and highly customizable alternative to traditional subtractive methods. However, tight dimensional tolerances and complex geometries often require post-process machining of 3D-printed components. Among high-performance thermoplastics, polyether-ether-ketone (PEEK) is preferred for its thermal stability and mechanical strength. A key novelty of this study addresses a critical gap in the literature: while some analyses of PEEK machining consider cutting and pressure parameters, few documented instances examine unreinforced PEEK at high cutting speeds. This knowledge gap is highly relevant because the absence of reinforcement and high cutting speeds interact through temperature-induced thermal softening. Utilizing a validated finite element model in ABAQUS, the research presents a comprehensive numerical investigation of the orthogonal micromachining of 3D-printed PEEK, analyzing the influence of printing parameters (building orientation and strategy) alongside machining variables (cutting speed and depth of cut). The study identifies critical anisotropic effects, where specific build orientations, particularly −45°, maximize mechanical resistance and heat generation. Conversely, multi-layer stacking sequences (e.g., 0°/90° and 45°/−45°) are shown to enhance structural rigidity and improve surface finish by optimizing chip formation mechanics and reducing interfacial temperatures. These findings provide a consistent framework for optimizing the post-processing of additively manufactured advanced polymers.
SN - 2073-4360
ER -