The Unusual X-ray Spectrum of R Mon
Abstract
The optically obscured young star R Mon illuminates Hubble's Variable Nebula and has historically been classified as an intermediate mass pre-main sequence Herbig Be star. We present Chandra observations of R Mon revealing a hard X-ray source viewed through high absorption from circumstellar gas known to be present from previous CO observations. The X-ray spectrum is characterized by line emission from the He-like Fe K complex (6.7 keV) tracing very hot plasma and fluorescent Fe emission (6.4 keV) from cold gas near the star that is irradiated by hard X-rays. Low-level variability on a timescale of less than one day is detected, but no large impulsive flares. The hot plasma and variability cannot be explained by shock models and magnetically confined plasma is inferred. The hard X-ray spectrum of R Mon does not resemble the soft spectra of prototypical Herbig stars but is remarkably similar to some class I protostars such as NGC 2071-IRS 1. As judged by its X-ray and infrared properties, we conclude that R Mon is a class I protostar and thus provides a rare snapshot of an emergent intermediate mass star enveloped in X-ray irradiated gas and dust.
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BibTeX
@misc{skinner2026unusual,
title = {{The Unusual X-ray Spectrum of R Mon}},
author = {Stephen L. Skinner and Manuel Guedel},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.41880},
eprint = {2610.41880},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.41880},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - The Unusual X-ray Spectrum of R Mon
AU - Stephen L. Skinner
AU - Manuel Guedel
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/30
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.41880
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.41880
AB - The optically obscured young star R Mon illuminates Hubble's Variable Nebula and has historically been classified as an intermediate mass pre-main sequence Herbig Be star. We present Chandra observations of R Mon revealing a hard X-ray source viewed through high absorption from circumstellar gas known to be present from previous CO observations. The X-ray spectrum is characterized by line emission from the He-like Fe K complex (6.7 keV) tracing very hot plasma and fluorescent Fe emission (6.4 keV) from cold gas near the star that is irradiated by hard X-rays. Low-level variability on a timescale of less than one day is detected, but no large impulsive flares. The hot plasma and variability cannot be explained by shock models and magnetically confined plasma is inferred. The hard X-ray spectrum of R Mon does not resemble the soft spectra of prototypical Herbig stars but is remarkably similar to some class I protostars such as NGC 2071-IRS 1. As judged by its X-ray and infrared properties, we conclude that R Mon is a class I protostar and thus provides a rare snapshot of an emergent intermediate mass star enveloped in X-ray irradiated gas and dust.
ER -