Pulse-resolved post-generation phase control of squeezed light at 93 MHz with a bulk lithium-niobate modulator
Abstract
Time-domain multiplexing of continuous-variable quantum states provides a scalable approach to photonic quantum information processing, in which individual temporal modes can be sequentially manipulated within a common optical path. Here we demonstrate pulse-resolved post-generation phase control of squeezed-vacuum states at a repetition rate of 93 MHz using a low-loss bulk lithium-niobate electro-optic modulator driven by a broadband RF power amplifier. The driving architecture exploits low-cost, commercially available RF components and the impedance mismatch between the RF chain and the capacitive crystal load, rather than relying on dedicated custom high-voltage electronics, to obtain large voltage excursions on the modulator while operating above the piezoelectric-resonance region of lithium niobate. The modulator is driven synchronously with the optical pulse train, enabling the phase of consecutive temporal modes to be individually controlled. An interferometric calibration yields a maximum differential phase excursion of 1.93 rad. We apply the modulator to a 1035 nm squeezed-vacuum field generated by a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator and characterize the output using time-resolved balanced homodyne detection. With the local-oscillator phase kept fixed, the phase of the squeezed state is varied from pulse to pulse, and the corresponding phase-dependent quadrature variance is reconstructed. The resulting quadrature scan agrees with an equivalent measurement obtained by varying the local-oscillator phase with a piezoelectric actuator. These results demonstrate post-generation quantum-state phase control at the individual-pulse level and provide an electro-optic building block for programmable manipulation of time-multiplexed quantum states in recirculating optical architectures.
Related
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BibTeX
@misc{suerra2026pulseresolved,
title = {{Pulse-resolved post-generation phase control of squeezed light at 93 MHz with a bulk lithium-niobate modulator}},
author = {Edoardo Suerra and Igor Vasiljevic and Sebastiano Corli and Enrico Prati and Simone Cialdi},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2610.03257},
eprint = {2610.03257},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.03257},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Pulse-resolved post-generation phase control of squeezed light at 93 MHz with a bulk lithium-niobate modulator
AU - Edoardo Suerra
AU - Igor Vasiljevic
AU - Sebastiano Corli
AU - Enrico Prati
AU - Simone Cialdi
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/02
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2610.03257
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2610.03257
AB - Time-domain multiplexing of continuous-variable quantum states provides a scalable approach to photonic quantum information processing, in which individual temporal modes can be sequentially manipulated within a common optical path. Here we demonstrate pulse-resolved post-generation phase control of squeezed-vacuum states at a repetition rate of 93 MHz using a low-loss bulk lithium-niobate electro-optic modulator driven by a broadband RF power amplifier. The driving architecture exploits low-cost, commercially available RF components and the impedance mismatch between the RF chain and the capacitive crystal load, rather than relying on dedicated custom high-voltage electronics, to obtain large voltage excursions on the modulator while operating above the piezoelectric-resonance region of lithium niobate. The modulator is driven synchronously with the optical pulse train, enabling the phase of consecutive temporal modes to be individually controlled. An interferometric calibration yields a maximum differential phase excursion of 1.93 rad. We apply the modulator to a 1035 nm squeezed-vacuum field generated by a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator and characterize the output using time-resolved balanced homodyne detection. With the local-oscillator phase kept fixed, the phase of the squeezed state is varied from pulse to pulse, and the corresponding phase-dependent quadrature variance is reconstructed. The resulting quadrature scan agrees with an equivalent measurement obtained by varying the local-oscillator phase with a piezoelectric actuator. These results demonstrate post-generation quantum-state phase control at the individual-pulse level and provide an electro-optic building block for programmable manipulation of time-multiplexed quantum states in recirculating optical architectures.
ER -