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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NC-ND 4.0Neurosurgery Practice

Intraventricular Tuberculoma of the Central Nervous System: A Systematic Review of Clinical Presentation, Management, and Outcome

  • Férol Baudelaire Babatundé Gbenou1,2
  • Yao Christian Hugues Dokponou1,3
  • Dzidoula Late Lawson1,4,5
  • Nicaise Kpegnon Agada1
  • Omar Boladji Adebayo Badirou1
  • Raïssa Diaby1,6,7
  • Nourou Dine Adeniran Bankole1,8,9,10
10 affiliations
  1. 1Research Department of SAFNA, Cotonou, Benin
  2. 2Department of Neurosurgery, Teaching Hospital of Fann, Cheikh Anta Diop University, Dakar, Senegal
  3. 3Department of Neurosurgery, Military and Teaching Hospital of Parakou, Parakou, Benin
  4. 4Department of Neurosurgery, Teaching Hospital of Bouaké, Bouaké, Ivory Coast
  5. 5Department of Neurosurgery, Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital, Lomé, Togo
  6. 6Laboratory of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Félix Houphouët-Boigny University, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
  7. 7Department of Neurosurgery, Teaching Hospital of Yopougon, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
  8. 8Department of Neurosurgery, CHU CAEN Normandie, Caen, France
  9. 9Imaging Brain and Neuropsychiatry iBraiN U1253, INSERM, Université De Tours, Tours, France
  10. 10Department of Neurosurgery, Université De Tours, Tours, France
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:: Tuberculosis remains a major global health burden, with central nervous system (CNS) involvement accounting for 1% to 10% of cases. Intraventricular tuberculoma is a distinct, poorly documented entity, separate from tuberculous meningitis with hydrocephalus. This systematic review assessed the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of CNS intraventricular tuberculoma.

METHODS:: PubMed and Scopus were searched per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines for studies on CNS intraventricular tuberculoma (PROSPERO registration number CRD420251017978). Pooled data were summarized using measures of central tendency and dispersion.

RESULTS:: Of 841 records identified, 18 studies (17 case reports, 1 retrospective series) encompassing 30 patients were included. Patients were predominantly male (53.3%), with a median age of 24 years [IQR 11.5-31.8]. The median symptom duration before admission was 3 months [IQR 2-4]; headache (76.7%) and fever (66.7%) were the most common presenting symptoms. MRI was performed in 73.3% and computed tomography in 46.7% of cases. Hydrocephalus was present in 53.3% at diagnosis, and the tuberculoma was most often located in the lateral ventricle (46.7%). Antituberculous therapy alone was used in 56.7% of patients, while 43.3% received combined medical-surgical treatment; among the 13 patients treated surgically, microsurgical resection achieved gross total removal in 9 (69.2%). The median follow-up was 15.5 months [IQR 7.5-26.3], with favorable outcomes in 76.7% and mortality of 3.3%.

CONCLUSION:: Intraventricular tuberculoma is a rare, distinct manifestation of CNS tuberculosis strongly associated with hydrocephalus. Prompt recognition and individualized medical-surgical management are associated with favorable outcomes, although evidence remains limited to case-level reports, warranting confirmation through prospective, multicenter studies.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{gbenou2026intraventricular,
  title = {{Intraventricular Tuberculoma of the Central Nervous System: A Systematic Review of Clinical Presentation, Management, and Outcome}},
  author = {Férol Baudelaire Babatundé Gbenou and Yao Christian Hugues Dokponou and Dzidoula Late Lawson and Nicaise Kpegnon Agada and Omar Boladji Adebayo Badirou and Raïssa Diaby and Nourou Dine Adeniran Bankole},
  journal = {Neurosurgery Practice},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.1227/neuprac.0000000000000320},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1227/neuprac.0000000000000320},
  note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Intraventricular Tuberculoma of the Central Nervous System: A Systematic Review of Clinical Presentation, Management, and Outcome
AU  - Férol Baudelaire Babatundé Gbenou
AU  - Yao Christian Hugues Dokponou
AU  - Dzidoula Late Lawson
AU  - Nicaise Kpegnon Agada
AU  - Omar Boladji Adebayo Badirou
AU  - Raïssa Diaby
AU  - Nourou Dine Adeniran Bankole
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/05
JO  - Neurosurgery Practice
DO  - 10.1227/neuprac.0000000000000320
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1227/neuprac.0000000000000320
AB  - BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES:: Tuberculosis remains a major global health burden, with central nervous system (CNS) involvement accounting for 1% to 10% of cases. Intraventricular tuberculoma is a distinct, poorly documented entity, separate from tuberculous meningitis with hydrocephalus. This systematic review assessed the epidemiology, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of CNS intraventricular tuberculoma.  METHODS:: PubMed and Scopus were searched per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines for studies on CNS intraventricular tuberculoma (PROSPERO registration number CRD420251017978). Pooled data were summarized using measures of central tendency and dispersion.  RESULTS:: Of 841 records identified, 18 studies (17 case reports, 1 retrospective series) encompassing 30 patients were included. Patients were predominantly male (53.3%), with a median age of 24 years [IQR 11.5-31.8]. The median symptom duration before admission was 3 months [IQR 2-4]; headache (76.7%) and fever (66.7%) were the most common presenting symptoms. MRI was performed in 73.3% and computed tomography in 46.7% of cases. Hydrocephalus was present in 53.3% at diagnosis, and the tuberculoma was most often located in the lateral ventricle (46.7%). Antituberculous therapy alone was used in 56.7% of patients, while 43.3% received combined medical-surgical treatment; among the 13 patients treated surgically, microsurgical resection achieved gross total removal in 9 (69.2%). The median follow-up was 15.5 months [IQR 7.5-26.3], with favorable outcomes in 76.7% and mortality of 3.3%.  CONCLUSION:: Intraventricular tuberculoma is a rare, distinct manifestation of CNS tuberculosis strongly associated with hydrocephalus. Prompt recognition and individualized medical-surgical management are associated with favorable outcomes, although evidence remains limited to case-level reports, warranting confirmation through prospective, multicenter studies.
SN  - 2834-4383
ER  -