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Peer-reviewedCC BYScience Advances

Turning sound and force into light with AlN:Mn 2+ mechanoluminescence

  • Justyna Barzowska1
  • Syed Shabhi Haider2,3
  • Teng Zheng4
  • A. Suchocki3
  • Philippe Frederic Smet5
  • Marcin Runowski6
  • Nerine J. Cherepy7
  • Dengfeng Peng8,9,10
  • Sebastian Mahlik1
10 affiliations
  1. 1Institute of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 57, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
  2. 2Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering & Mines, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
  3. 3Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotników 32/46, Warsaw 02-668, Poland
  4. 4School of Information and Electrical Engineering, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, China
  5. 5Department of Solid State Sciences, LumiLab, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 285-S1, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
  6. 6Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
  7. 7Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
  8. 8Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
  9. 9Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Intelligent Optical Measurement and Detection, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
  10. 10State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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Abstract

The development of multifunctional photo- and mechanoluminescent materials capable of responding to diverse external stimuli, enabling the visualization of mechanical action and acoustic waves, is essential for next-generation sensing and optoelectronic technologies. In this study, we present Mn 2+ -doped aluminum nitride (AlN:Mn 2+ ) as a luminescent material that simultaneously exhibits bright orange photoluminescence, strong and long-lasting persistent luminescence, thermoluminescence, and mechanoluminescence (ML). AlN:Mn 2+ demonstrates multimodal ML behavior under various mechanical stimuli, including friction, impact, and ultrasonic excitation, highlighting its potential for force and sound sensing applications across a wide range of environments. This is crucial for next-generation energy transformation, enabling the conversion of heat, force, and sound into light. The integration of persistent, thermal, mechanical, and acoustic luminescence within a single, robust, and chemically stable material makes AlN:Mn 2+ a promising candidate for remote, adaptive optomechanical, and photoacoustic applications in biomedical diagnostics, structural health monitoring, anticounterfeiting, remote sensing, and innovative electronics.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{barzowska2026turning,
  title = {{Turning sound and force into light with AlN:Mn 2+ mechanoluminescence}},
  author = {Justyna Barzowska and Syed Shabhi Haider and Teng Zheng and A. Suchocki and Philippe Frederic Smet and Marcin Runowski and Nerine J. Cherepy and Dengfeng Peng and Sebastian Mahlik},
  journal = {Science Advances},
  year = {2026},
  month = jun,
  doi = {10.1126/sciadv.aed5469},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed5469},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Turning sound and force into light with AlN:Mn 2+ mechanoluminescence
AU  - Justyna Barzowska
AU  - Syed Shabhi Haider
AU  - Teng Zheng
AU  - A. Suchocki
AU  - Philippe Frederic Smet
AU  - Marcin Runowski
AU  - Nerine J. Cherepy
AU  - Dengfeng Peng
AU  - Sebastian Mahlik
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/06/26
JO  - Science Advances
DO  - 10.1126/sciadv.aed5469
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aed5469
AB  - The development of multifunctional photo- and mechanoluminescent materials capable of responding to diverse external stimuli, enabling the visualization of mechanical action and acoustic waves, is essential for next-generation sensing and optoelectronic technologies. In this study, we present Mn 2+ -doped aluminum nitride (AlN:Mn 2+ ) as a luminescent material that simultaneously exhibits bright orange photoluminescence, strong and long-lasting persistent luminescence, thermoluminescence, and mechanoluminescence (ML). AlN:Mn 2+ demonstrates multimodal ML behavior under various mechanical stimuli, including friction, impact, and ultrasonic excitation, highlighting its potential for force and sound sensing applications across a wide range of environments. This is crucial for next-generation energy transformation, enabling the conversion of heat, force, and sound into light. The integration of persistent, thermal, mechanical, and acoustic luminescence within a single, robust, and chemically stable material makes AlN:Mn 2+ a promising candidate for remote, adaptive optomechanical, and photoacoustic applications in biomedical diagnostics, structural health monitoring, anticounterfeiting, remote sensing, and innovative electronics.
SN  - 2375-2548
ER  -