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PreprintCC BY 4.0arXiv

Prime and Touchard Congruences of Mixed-Type Bell Numbers

Abstract

This paper establishes a comprehensive combinatorial and arithmetic framework for mixed Stirling and mixed Bell numbers, bridging partition structures, Touchard polynomials, and prime-power congruences. Furthermore, we develop to p-adic valuation theory, proving prime-power Touchard congruences and higher-order modulo-p2 refinements that generalize classical arithmetic properties of combinatorial sequences.

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BibTeX
@misc{yaqubi2026prime,
  title = {{Prime and Touchard Congruences of Mixed-Type Bell Numbers}},
  author = {Daniel Yaqubi and Madjid Mirzavaziri},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = aug,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2608.30097},
  eprint = {2608.30097},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.30097},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - UNPB
TI  - Prime and Touchard Congruences of Mixed-Type Bell Numbers
AU  - Daniel Yaqubi
AU  - Madjid Mirzavaziri
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/08/31
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2608.30097
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.30097
AB  - This paper establishes a comprehensive combinatorial and arithmetic framework for mixed Stirling and mixed Bell numbers, bridging partition structures, Touchard polynomials, and prime-power congruences. Furthermore, we develop to p-adic valuation theory, proving prime-power Touchard congruences and higher-order modulo-p^2 refinements that generalize classical arithmetic properties of combinatorial sequences.
ER  -