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Peer-reviewedCC BYJournal of functional morphology and kinesiology

Psychometric Properties of the French Version of the Physical Literacy in Children Questionnaire (PL-C Quest).

  • Christophe Maïano1,2,3
  • Alexandre J S Morin3,4
  • Johanne April5
  • Olivier Hue6
  • Olivier Rey7
7 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, QC J7Z 0B7, Canada.
  2. 2Cyberpsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychoeducation and Psychology, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Gatineau, QC J8X 3X7, Canada.
  3. 3Substantive-Methodological Synergy Research Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada.
  4. 4Optentia Research Unit, North-West University, P.O. Box 1174, Vanderbijlpark 1900, South Africa.
  5. 5Department of Educational Sciences, Université du Québec en Outaouais, Saint-Jérôme, QC J7Z 0B7, Canada.
  6. 6Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC G9A 5H7, Canada.
  7. 7Institute of Movement Sciences, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix Marseille University, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France.
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Abstract

Background and Objectives: The main objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of a French adaptation of the Physical Literacy in Children Questionnaire (PL-C Quest). Methods: A sample of 196 French-speaking Canadian and French children (aged 5 to 12 years) participated in this study. Results: Matching the results from several previous studies, our results failed to support the adequacy of the a priori four-factor and hierarchical structure of the PL-C Quest. However, results from an exploratory factor analytic solution supported a 3-factor, 13-item solution of the PL-C Quest measuring (a) Physical Competencies; (b) Motivation and Enjoyment to be Physically Active; and (c) Self-Regulation, Risk, and Safety. Subsequent analyses revealed a lack of differential item functioning (DIF) as function of countries and children's time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activities (MVPA) providing preliminary support for the comparability of scores across these groups. However, some limited evidence of DIF was found as function of children's age (on one item), body mass-index (on two items) and sex (on one item). Furthermore, latent mean differences (favoring younger children and boys) were identified in (a) Self-Regulation, Risk, and Safety and (b) Physical Competencies as function of children's age and sex, respectively. These findings should be interpreted cautiously and warrant replication in independent samples. Finally, results provided preliminary evidence for the convergent validity of the 13-item French version of the PL-C Quest in relation to parental ratings of children's overall, cognitive, and motor physical literacy. Conclusions: Scores on the new 13-item French version of the PL-C Quest present acceptable psychometric properties in terms of composite reliability, factor validity, and minimal DIF, alongside preliminary support for convergent validity.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{maiano2026psychometric,
  title = {{Psychometric Properties of the French Version of the Physical Literacy in Children Questionnaire (PL-C Quest).}},
  author = {Christophe Maïano and Alexandre J S Morin and Johanne April and Olivier Hue and Olivier Rey},
  journal = {Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3390/jfmk11040425},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42924704},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Psychometric Properties of the French Version of the Physical Literacy in Children Questionnaire (PL-C Quest).
AU  - Christophe Maïano
AU  - Alexandre J S Morin
AU  - Johanne April
AU  - Olivier Hue
AU  - Olivier Rey
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/16
JO  - Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology
DO  - 10.3390/jfmk11040425
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42924704
AB  - Background and Objectives: The main objective of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of a French adaptation of the Physical Literacy in Children Questionnaire (PL-C Quest). Methods: A sample of 196 French-speaking Canadian and French children (aged 5 to 12 years) participated in this study. Results: Matching the results from several previous studies, our results failed to support the adequacy of the a priori four-factor and hierarchical structure of the PL-C Quest. However, results from an exploratory factor analytic solution supported a 3-factor, 13-item solution of the PL-C Quest measuring (a) Physical Competencies; (b) Motivation and Enjoyment to be Physically Active; and (c) Self-Regulation, Risk, and Safety. Subsequent analyses revealed a lack of differential item functioning (DIF) as function of countries and children's time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activities (MVPA) providing preliminary support for the comparability of scores across these groups. However, some limited evidence of DIF was found as function of children's age (on one item), body mass-index (on two items) and sex (on one item). Furthermore, latent mean differences (favoring younger children and boys) were identified in (a) Self-Regulation, Risk, and Safety and (b) Physical Competencies as function of children's age and sex, respectively. These findings should be interpreted cautiously and warrant replication in independent samples. Finally, results provided preliminary evidence for the convergent validity of the 13-item French version of the PL-C Quest in relation to parental ratings of children's overall, cognitive, and motor physical literacy. Conclusions: Scores on the new 13-item French version of the PL-C Quest present acceptable psychometric properties in terms of composite reliability, factor validity, and minimal DIF, alongside preliminary support for convergent validity.
SN  - 2411-5142
ER  -