The OpenGadget3 Code for Cosmological Simulations

@misc{dolag2026opengadget3,
  title = {{The OpenGadget3 Code for Cosmological Simulations}},
  author = {Klaus Dolag and Geray S. Karademir and Luca Tornatore and Antonio Ragagnin and Milena Valentini and Ludwig M. Böss and Frederick Groth and Giuseppe Murante and Stefano Borgani and Volker Springel and Cenanda Arido and Javier Badía and Tiago Castro and Alice Damiano and Laura Di Federico and Moritz S. Fischer and Gian Luigi Granato and Nitya Hariharan and David Klemmer and Umberto Maio and Tirso Marin-Gilabert and Ilaria Marini and Yashraj Patil and Margarita Egelhofer and Cinthia Ragone-Figueroa and Luca Sala and Cecilia Scannapieco and Ludwig D. Schmidt and Ulrich P. Steinwandel and Giovanni Tedeschi-Prades and Marc Wiertel},
  howpublished = {arXiv},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.17658},
  eprint = {2609.17658},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.17658},
}

TY  - UNPB
TI  - The OpenGadget3 Code for Cosmological Simulations
AU  - Klaus Dolag
AU  - Geray S. Karademir
AU  - Luca Tornatore
AU  - Antonio Ragagnin
AU  - Milena Valentini
AU  - Ludwig M. Böss
AU  - Frederick Groth
AU  - Giuseppe Murante
AU  - Stefano Borgani
AU  - Volker Springel
AU  - Cenanda Arido
AU  - Javier Badía
AU  - Tiago Castro
AU  - Alice Damiano
AU  - Laura Di Federico
AU  - Moritz S. Fischer
AU  - Gian Luigi Granato
AU  - Nitya Hariharan
AU  - David Klemmer
AU  - Umberto Maio
AU  - Tirso Marin-Gilabert
AU  - Ilaria Marini
AU  - Yashraj Patil
AU  - Margarita Egelhofer
AU  - Cinthia Ragone-Figueroa
AU  - Luca Sala
AU  - Cecilia Scannapieco
AU  - Ludwig D. Schmidt
AU  - Ulrich P. Steinwandel
AU  - Giovanni Tedeschi-Prades
AU  - Marc Wiertel
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/15
PB  - arXiv
DO  - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.17658
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.17658
AB  - We present the public release of OpenGadget3 (OG3), a substantially extended and re-organised version of the widely used Gadget-2/3 family of cosmological simulation codes. Since G2 was made publicly available, the absence of continued official development led to the creation of numerous, mutually incompatible developer versions of G3 across the community. This made it effectively impossible to track bug fixes, reproduce published results, or consistently credit the many individual contributors. OG3 addresses this by consolidating these disparate developments into a single, documented, and continuously maintained code base, released under the GNU GPLv3 through a GitLab repository (with an accompanying wiki), regularly synchronised with the active developer branch, and supported by a dedicated continuous-integration (CI) pipeline. OG3 retains the core algorithmic backbone of its predecessors, a Barnes\&Hut oct-tree combined with a Particle-Mesh method for gravity, and a choice of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics or Meshless-Finite-Mass solvers for gas dynamics, within a hybrid MPI/OpenMP parallelisation framework, extended with GPU offloading via OpenACC and OpenMP. The code integrates an extensive suite of sub-resolution and physical modules, including primordial chemistry, radiative cooling, star formation, stellar feedback and chemical enrichment, dust formation and evolution, black hole growth and AGN feedback, MHD, thermal conduction, physical viscosity, SIDM, and massive neutrinos. OG3 introduces new features improving robustness, reproducibility, and usability: a flexible mixed-precision framework spanning 16- to 128-bit representations; expert-level tagged parameters with restart-time change log; extensive consistency checks against invalid configurations; and FAIR-compliant reporting of all settings, parameters, and specific publications. (shortened and abridged)
ER  -