Effector-host networks in the barley powdery mildew pathosystem reveal significant targeting of ubiquitin-associated proteins and transcriptional regulators
- 1USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011
Abstract
- The ascomycete fungal pathogen Blumeria hordei (Bh) is predicted to secrete over 530 effector proteins to infect barley and cause powdery mildew disease, yet their individual and collective functions are largely unexplored. We used yeast two-hybrid next-generation interaction screening (Y2H-NGIS) to probe the host targets of 48 Bh candidate secreted effectors (CSEPs), including multiple AVRA effectors that are recognized by MLA nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors. - Y2H-NGIS and subsequent binary retesting identified 356 high-confidence protein-protein interactions (PPI) among Bh CSEPs, MLA NLR fragments, and barley proteins. We uncovered unique and shared host targets, including numerous proteins involved in ubiquitin-associated processes, gene expression, immune and kinase signaling, metabolism, and vesicle trafficking. - We identified a host protein (HvCAP2) that interacts with MLA and at least five Bh effectors, as well as additional effector-host PPI that correlate with loss of recognition of AVRA13 and AVRA6 by MLA13 and MLA6, respectively. - Results were integrated with an interolog-based barley interactome (HvInt) to assemble a host-pathogen network of 1248 proteins and 1701 interactions. This PPI resource can serve as a platform for functional investigations into the molecular basis of powdery mildew pathogenesis and host recognition.
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BibTeX
@misc{elmore2026effectorhost,
title = {{Effector-host networks in the barley powdery mildew pathosystem reveal significant targeting of ubiquitin-associated proteins and transcriptional regulators}},
author = {J. M. Elmore and V. Velasquez-Zapata and G. Fuerst and S. D. Smith and M. Mueller and Z. Goebel and A. Byal and M. J. Moscou and R. P. Wise},
howpublished = {bioRxiv},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.64898/2026.10.01.756047},
url = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.01.756047v1},
note = {CC0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Effector-host networks in the barley powdery mildew pathosystem reveal significant targeting of ubiquitin-associated proteins and transcriptional regulators
AU - J. M. Elmore
AU - V. Velasquez-Zapata
AU - G. Fuerst
AU - S. D. Smith
AU - M. Mueller
AU - Z. Goebel
AU - A. Byal
AU - M. J. Moscou
AU - R. P. Wise
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
PB - bioRxiv
DO - 10.64898/2026.10.01.756047
UR - https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.10.01.756047v1
AB - - The ascomycete fungal pathogen Blumeria hordei (Bh) is predicted to secrete over 530 effector proteins to infect barley and cause powdery mildew disease, yet their individual and collective functions are largely unexplored. We used yeast two-hybrid next-generation interaction screening (Y2H-NGIS) to probe the host targets of 48 Bh candidate secreted effectors (CSEPs), including multiple AVRA effectors that are recognized by MLA nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors. - Y2H-NGIS and subsequent binary retesting identified 356 high-confidence protein-protein interactions (PPI) among Bh CSEPs, MLA NLR fragments, and barley proteins. We uncovered unique and shared host targets, including numerous proteins involved in ubiquitin-associated processes, gene expression, immune and kinase signaling, metabolism, and vesicle trafficking. - We identified a host protein (HvCAP2) that interacts with MLA and at least five Bh effectors, as well as additional effector-host PPI that correlate with loss of recognition of AVRA13 and AVRA6 by MLA13 and MLA6, respectively. - Results were integrated with an interolog-based barley interactome (HvInt) to assemble a host-pathogen network of 1248 proteins and 1701 interactions. This PPI resource can serve as a platform for functional investigations into the molecular basis of powdery mildew pathogenesis and host recognition.
ER -