Enrollment in participatory surveillance programs and influenza vaccination uptake: A systematic review protocol
5 affiliations
- 1Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- 2Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- 3Department of Education, Health & Behavior Studies, College of Education and Human, Development, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States of America
- 4School of Landscape Architecture, College of Architectural Planning and Landscape Architecture, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
- 5Health Sciences Library, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
Abstract
Background: Despite the availability of effective vaccines, seasonal influenza remains a substantial global public health concern. Suboptimal influenza vaccination uptake is found across many populations. Using digital platforms, individuals can self-report health information through participatory surveillance programs. Though they are mainly used for infectious disease monitoring, their potential association with preventive behaviors such as influenza vaccination uptake has not been systematically evaluated. This review is necessary and urgent given the recurrent influenza outbreaks and the severity of illness due to low vaccination rates. Objective: This protocol details the design and methodology of a systematic review that will assess whether enrollment in participatory surveillance programs is associated with differences in seasonal influenza vaccination uptake compared with non-participation. Methods: This systematic review protocol follows the Cochrane guidelines, is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P), and is registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251274024). Eligible studies will include quantitative comparative designs, including randomized controlled trials, as well as observational and quasi-experimental studies with appropriate comparators. The population will comprise individuals eligible for influenza vaccination in settings where participatory surveillance programs are available. The primary outcome is influenza vaccination uptake. Searches will be conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, CABI Global Health, and CINAHL, alongside selected grey literature sources, without restrictions on language, geography, or publication date. Two reviewers will independently screen studies, extract data using Covidence, and assess risk of bias using ROB 2 and ROBINS-I. Where appropriate, data will be synthesized using meta-analysis or narrative methods. Heterogeneity will be described using I2, and certainty assessed using GRADE. Conclusions: This systematic review will provide an urgently needed summary of evidence regarding the association between participatory surveillance enrollment and influenza vaccination uptake. Findings will inform future research and the development of digital public health strategies that integrate disease surveillance and health promotion.
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BibTeX
@article{kanmaokafor2026enrollment,
title = {{Enrollment in participatory surveillance programs and influenza vaccination uptake: A systematic review protocol}},
author = {Oluchi Joan Kanma-Okafor and Priyanka Ravi and Maiya G. Block Ngaybe and Kizil Yusoof and Onicio Batista Leal Neto and Deborah Jean McClelland and Katherine D. Ellingson and Chengcheng Hu and Priscilla Magrath and John Ehiri},
journal = {PLOS One},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0358599},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0358599},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Enrollment in participatory surveillance programs and influenza vaccination uptake: A systematic review protocol
AU - Oluchi Joan Kanma-Okafor
AU - Priyanka Ravi
AU - Maiya G. Block Ngaybe
AU - Kizil Yusoof
AU - Onicio Batista Leal Neto
AU - Deborah Jean McClelland
AU - Katherine D. Ellingson
AU - Chengcheng Hu
AU - Priscilla Magrath
AU - John Ehiri
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/08
JO - PLOS One
DO - 10.1371/journal.pone.0358599
UR - https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0358599
AB - Background: Despite the availability of effective vaccines, seasonal influenza remains a substantial global public health concern. Suboptimal influenza vaccination uptake is found across many populations. Using digital platforms, individuals can self-report health information through participatory surveillance programs. Though they are mainly used for infectious disease monitoring, their potential association with preventive behaviors such as influenza vaccination uptake has not been systematically evaluated. This review is necessary and urgent given the recurrent influenza outbreaks and the severity of illness due to low vaccination rates. Objective: This protocol details the design and methodology of a systematic review that will assess whether enrollment in participatory surveillance programs is associated with differences in seasonal influenza vaccination uptake compared with non-participation. Methods: This systematic review protocol follows the Cochrane guidelines, is reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P), and is registered in PROSPERO (CRD420251274024). Eligible studies will include quantitative comparative designs, including randomized controlled trials, as well as observational and quasi-experimental studies with appropriate comparators. The population will comprise individuals eligible for influenza vaccination in settings where participatory surveillance programs are available. The primary outcome is influenza vaccination uptake. Searches will be conducted in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, Scopus, CABI Global Health, and CINAHL, alongside selected grey literature sources, without restrictions on language, geography, or publication date. Two reviewers will independently screen studies, extract data using Covidence, and assess risk of bias using ROB 2 and ROBINS-I. Where appropriate, data will be synthesized using meta-analysis or narrative methods. Heterogeneity will be described using I2, and certainty assessed using GRADE. Conclusions: This systematic review will provide an urgently needed summary of evidence regarding the association between participatory surveillance enrollment and influenza vaccination uptake. Findings will inform future research and the development of digital public health strategies that integrate disease surveillance and health promotion.
SN - 1932-6203
ER -