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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine

Novel techniques in the prophylaxis and treatment of type II endoleaks: a narrative review

  • Krzysztof Pietrzak1
  • Maciej Koperski2
  • Klaudia Gutowska3
  • Piotr Terlecki4
4 affiliations
  1. 1Department of General and Vascular Surgery, Provincial Hospital in Bielsko-Biała
  2. 2Medical University of Lodz
  3. 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute of Mother and Child
  4. 4Department and Clinic of Vascular Surgery and Angiology, Medical University of Lublin
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Abstract

Background: Type II endoleaks (T2ELs) are a frequent complication after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), posing a risk of aneurysm expansion. This review evaluates modern techniques for T2ELs management, moving beyond traditional embolization methods.

Methods: Recent controlled trials and observational studies were analyzed to trace evidence on conventional and novel techniques employed in managing T2ELs.

Results: Novel techniques, such as transcaval embolization (TCE) and laser-assisted transgraft embolization (LATE), have demonstrated encouraging early technical and clinical outcomes, although the available evidence remains limited. In addition, shape memory polymer (SMP) embolization resulted in significant sac shrinkage in >85% of patients and prevented clinically significant T2ELs.

Conclusions: TCE, LATE, and prophylactic SMP embolization are promising alternatives to conventional methods, offering high technical success and the potential to reduce reinterventions. Larger studies are needed to confirm long-term outcomes and define optimal use.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{pietrzak2026novel,
  title = {{Novel techniques in the prophylaxis and treatment of type II endoleaks: a narrative review}},
  author = {Krzysztof Pietrzak and Maciej Koperski and Klaudia Gutowska and Piotr Terlecki},
  journal = {Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fcvm.2026.1847190},
  url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1847190/full},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Novel techniques in the prophylaxis and treatment of type II endoleaks: a narrative review
AU  - Krzysztof Pietrzak
AU  - Maciej Koperski
AU  - Klaudia Gutowska
AU  - Piotr Terlecki
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/19
JO  - Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
DO  - 10.3389/fcvm.2026.1847190
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2026.1847190/full
AB  - Background: Type II endoleaks (T2ELs) are a frequent complication after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR), posing a risk of aneurysm expansion. This review evaluates modern techniques for T2ELs management, moving beyond traditional embolization methods.  Methods: Recent controlled trials and observational studies were analyzed to trace evidence on conventional and novel techniques employed in managing T2ELs.  Results: Novel techniques, such as transcaval embolization (TCE) and laser-assisted transgraft embolization (LATE), have demonstrated encouraging early technical and clinical outcomes, although the available evidence remains limited. In addition, shape memory polymer (SMP) embolization resulted in significant sac shrinkage in >85% of patients and prevented clinically significant T2ELs.  Conclusions: TCE, LATE, and prophylactic SMP embolization are promising alternatives to conventional methods, offering high technical success and the potential to reduce reinterventions. Larger studies are needed to confirm long-term outcomes and define optimal use.
SN  - 2297-055X
ER  -