Shaping Frequency-Bin Biphoton Correlations via Programmable Optical Frequency Combs
Abstract
Programmable shaping of photon-pair spectral correlations is important for frequency-bin quantum information processing. However, achieving this control remains challenging in nonlinear optical systems without reliable forward models. Here, we demonstrate model-free, hardware-in-the-loop shaping of the measured joint spectral intensity of a cascaded photon-pair source driven by a programmable optical frequency comb. A blockwise simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation controller optimizes up to 22 pump, signal, and idler parameters. Each iteration requires only two accepted hardware evaluations, independent of the parameter count. The controller converges to diverse target patterns on 3×3, 4×4, and 5×5 frequency-bin grids. The optimized distributions achieve Pearson correlations between 0.66 and 0.98 and classical overlap fidelities between 0.32 and 0.62. Cross-target similarity analysis confirms that the optimized patterns remain target-specific. Source characterization yields a maximum coincidence-to-accidental ratio of approximately 585. Accuracy is limited by pump-phase transfer, parasitic nonlinear background, waveshaper constraints, amplitude-only filtering, and measurement noise. Joint spectral intensity contains no spectral-phase information. Therefore, the results demonstrate control of measured frequency-bin populations and correlations, not complete reconstruction of the two-photon state. Phase-sensitive characterization is required to verify inter-bin coherence and quantify the entanglement dimensionality of the output state. Our results establish direct measurement feedback as a practical approach to reconfigurable frequency-bin correlation engineering when an accurate end-to-end model is unavailable.
Related
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BibTeX
@misc{khan2026shaping,
title = {{Shaping Frequency-Bin Biphoton Correlations via Programmable Optical Frequency Combs}},
author = {Usman Khan and Daniel Lopez and Venkat Aneesh Padmasola and Nirmal Dangi and Santosh Kumar and Yuping Huang},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2611.09713},
eprint = {2611.09713},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.09713},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Shaping Frequency-Bin Biphoton Correlations via Programmable Optical Frequency Combs
AU - Usman Khan
AU - Daniel Lopez
AU - Venkat Aneesh Padmasola
AU - Nirmal Dangi
AU - Santosh Kumar
AU - Yuping Huang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/06
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2611.09713
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.09713
AB - Programmable shaping of photon-pair spectral correlations is important for frequency-bin quantum information processing. However, achieving this control remains challenging in nonlinear optical systems without reliable forward models. Here, we demonstrate model-free, hardware-in-the-loop shaping of the measured joint spectral intensity of a cascaded photon-pair source driven by a programmable optical frequency comb. A blockwise simultaneous perturbation stochastic approximation controller optimizes up to 22 pump, signal, and idler parameters. Each iteration requires only two accepted hardware evaluations, independent of the parameter count. The controller converges to diverse target patterns on 3×3, 4×4, and 5×5 frequency-bin grids. The optimized distributions achieve Pearson correlations between 0.66 and 0.98 and classical overlap fidelities between 0.32 and 0.62. Cross-target similarity analysis confirms that the optimized patterns remain target-specific. Source characterization yields a maximum coincidence-to-accidental ratio of approximately 585. Accuracy is limited by pump-phase transfer, parasitic nonlinear background, waveshaper constraints, amplitude-only filtering, and measurement noise. Joint spectral intensity contains no spectral-phase information. Therefore, the results demonstrate control of measured frequency-bin populations and correlations, not complete reconstruction of the two-photon state. Phase-sensitive characterization is required to verify inter-bin coherence and quantify the entanglement dimensionality of the output state. Our results establish direct measurement feedback as a practical approach to reconfigurable frequency-bin correlation engineering when an accurate end-to-end model is unavailable.
ER -