Slow Context, Fast Symptoms: Multiscale Temporal Dynamics and Context-Induced Coupling in Psychological Systems
Abstract
Psychological dynamics unfold across multiple timescales: symptoms and other psychological states can change rapidly, whereas social, environmental, biological, and developmental conditions often evolve more slowly. We formulate this structure as a stochastic slow-fast system in which binary symptom states form a fast interacting network embedded within a slow contextual field. Pairwise symptom coupling governs interactions within the fast layer, while the contextual field shifts symptom-specific activation tendencies and can itself receive feedback from sustained symptom activation. Simulations show that changes in the slow field can shift the macroscopic activation state of the symptom system even when the underlying interaction matrix remains fixed. Perturbations to the field generate transient increases in symptom activation followed by recovery, while feedback between the fast and slow layers delays recovery and, when sufficiently strong, produces dependence on initial conditions. We further show that when between-person variation in the contextual field is omitted from network estimation, the inferred system exhibits stronger total coupling and nonzero couplings between symptom pairs that are uncoupled in the data-generating model. Thus, slowly varying context can alter both the dynamics and the apparent interaction structure of a fast psychological system. The framework connects psychological network models with slow-fast dynamical systems and provides a formal basis for distinguishing changes in activation from changes in coupling.
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BibTeX
@misc{park2026slow,
title = {{Slow Context, Fast Symptoms: Multiscale Temporal Dynamics and Context-Induced Coupling in Psychological Systems}},
author = {Kyuri Park and Denny Borsboom and Mike H. Lees and Lourens J. Waldorp and Johan Bollen and Vítor V. Vasconcelos},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.22935},
eprint = {2609.22935},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.22935},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Slow Context, Fast Symptoms: Multiscale Temporal Dynamics and Context-Induced Coupling in Psychological Systems
AU - Kyuri Park
AU - Denny Borsboom
AU - Mike H. Lees
AU - Lourens J. Waldorp
AU - Johan Bollen
AU - Vítor V. Vasconcelos
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/27
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.22935
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.22935
AB - Psychological dynamics unfold across multiple timescales: symptoms and other psychological states can change rapidly, whereas social, environmental, biological, and developmental conditions often evolve more slowly. We formulate this structure as a stochastic slow-fast system in which binary symptom states form a fast interacting network embedded within a slow contextual field. Pairwise symptom coupling governs interactions within the fast layer, while the contextual field shifts symptom-specific activation tendencies and can itself receive feedback from sustained symptom activation. Simulations show that changes in the slow field can shift the macroscopic activation state of the symptom system even when the underlying interaction matrix remains fixed. Perturbations to the field generate transient increases in symptom activation followed by recovery, while feedback between the fast and slow layers delays recovery and, when sufficiently strong, produces dependence on initial conditions. We further show that when between-person variation in the contextual field is omitted from network estimation, the inferred system exhibits stronger total coupling and nonzero couplings between symptom pairs that are uncoupled in the data-generating model. Thus, slowly varying context can alter both the dynamics and the apparent interaction structure of a fast psychological system. The framework connects psychological network models with slow-fast dynamical systems and provides a formal basis for distinguishing changes in activation from changes in coupling.
ER -