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Peer-reviewedCC BYCell Reports Sustainability

Assessing CO

  • Flore Verbist1
  • Jelle Meus2
  • Pieter Valkering3
  • Erik Delarue4
4 affiliations
  1. 1Division of Applied Mechanics and Energy Conversion, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300, Leuven 3001, Belgium; Vlaams Instituut voor Technologisch Onderzoek (VITO), Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium; EnergyVille, Thor Park, Poort Genk 8310, Genk 3600, Belgium
  2. 2Division of Applied Mechanics and Energy Conversion, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300, Leuven 3001, Belgium; EnergyVille, Thor Park, Poort Genk 8310, Genk 3600, Belgium
  3. 3Vlaams Instituut voor Technologisch Onderzoek (VITO), Boeretang 200, Mol 2400, Belgium; EnergyVille, Thor Park, Poort Genk 8310, Genk 3600, Belgium
  4. 4Division of Applied Mechanics and Energy Conversion, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300, Leuven 3001, Belgium; EnergyVille, Thor Park, Poort Genk 8310, Genk 3600, Belgium; Corresponding author
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Abstract

The development of a CO 2 value chain in Europe, including carbon capture (CC) and transport and storage (T&S), is strongly influenced by carbon dioxide removal (CDR) markets and industry relocation, complicating investments on the CC and the T&S operator’s side. We investigate how these two factors affect the industrial CC landscape characterized by scale economies and complementary markets. A spatially explicit optimization model is applied to a case study encompassing Northwestern Europe. By endogenizing CC and T&S within the model, we demonstrate the pivotal role of industry clusters in rolling out a CO 2 value chain. CDR credits especially could create substantially increased capture volumes, as biogenic CC becomes competitive. The resulting T&S scale economies allow sites with a low participation willingness to join the CO 2 value chain. In contrast, under scenarios with substantial industry leakage, scale advantages diminish, causing a higher risk of exclusion for small or remote emitters. Science for society: European industries face the challenge of remaining globally competitive while transitioning to a low-carbon economy. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is often considered a promising option for lowering emissions from hard-to-abate industries, but its large-scale adoption hinges on the development of a shared, yet-to-be-developed infrastructure network to transport and permanently store captured CO 2 . Such infrastructure is costly and only becomes economically viable when enough industries participate. Our study indicates that the success of a European CO 2 value chain strongly depends on industrial cluster density, the costs of alternative decarbonization options, and the proximity of industries to the transport and storage infrastructure. The support for biogenic CCS through carbon removal credits, especially, could substantially increase captured volumes, strengthen the business case for transport and storage investments, and accelerate the development of a mature CO 2 value chain.

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BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{verbist2026assessing,
  title = {{Assessing CO}},
  author = {Flore Verbist and Jelle Meus and Pieter Valkering and Erik Delarue},
  journal = {Cell Reports Sustainability},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1016/j.crsus.2026.100832},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crsus.2026.100832},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Assessing CO
AU  - Flore Verbist
AU  - Jelle Meus
AU  - Pieter Valkering
AU  - Erik Delarue
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/25
JO  - Cell Reports Sustainability
DO  - 10.1016/j.crsus.2026.100832
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crsus.2026.100832
AB  - The development of a CO 2 value chain in Europe, including carbon capture (CC) and transport and storage (T&S), is strongly influenced by carbon dioxide removal (CDR) markets and industry relocation, complicating investments on the CC and the T&S operator’s side. We investigate how these two factors affect the industrial CC landscape characterized by scale economies and complementary markets. A spatially explicit optimization model is applied to a case study encompassing Northwestern Europe. By endogenizing CC and T&S within the model, we demonstrate the pivotal role of industry clusters in rolling out a CO 2 value chain. CDR credits especially could create substantially increased capture volumes, as biogenic CC becomes competitive. The resulting T&S scale economies allow sites with a low participation willingness to join the CO 2 value chain. In contrast, under scenarios with substantial industry leakage, scale advantages diminish, causing a higher risk of exclusion for small or remote emitters. Science for society: European industries face the challenge of remaining globally competitive while transitioning to a low-carbon economy. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is often considered a promising option for lowering emissions from hard-to-abate industries, but its large-scale adoption hinges on the development of a shared, yet-to-be-developed infrastructure network to transport and permanently store captured CO 2 . Such infrastructure is costly and only becomes economically viable when enough industries participate. Our study indicates that the success of a European CO 2 value chain strongly depends on industrial cluster density, the costs of alternative decarbonization options, and the proximity of industries to the transport and storage infrastructure. The support for biogenic CCS through carbon removal credits, especially, could substantially increase captured volumes, strengthen the business case for transport and storage investments, and accelerate the development of a mature CO 2 value chain.
SN  - 2949-7906
ER  -