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Peer-reviewedCC BY-NCEarth s Future

Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Carbon Balance Considering Multi‐Dimensional Urbanization Across 366 Cities in China

  • Min Joon Huang1
  • Daohong Gong1
  • Yuliang Deng1
  • Yong Ge2,1
  • Hui Lin1
  • Daoye Zhu3
  • Changjiang Xiao4
  • Tengping Jiang5
  • Orhan Altan6
6 affiliations
  1. 1School of Geography and Environment Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Disaster Monitoring, Early Warning and Assessment Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang China
  2. 2Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research (Ministry of Education) Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang China
  3. 3College of Computer Science and Software Engineering Hohai University Nanjing China
  4. 4College of Surveying and Geo‐Informatics Tongji University Shanghai China
  5. 5Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment (Ministry of Education) Nanjing Normal University Nanjing China
  6. 6Department of Geomatics Istanbul Technical University Istanbul Turkey
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Abstract

Low-carbon sustainable development has become essential for China to achieve its carbon neutrality goals. However, most existing carbon balance (CB) studies ignore the corresponding carbon quotas accounting for development needs during urbanization, leading to an assessment of urban low-carbon development that lacks scientific rigour and fairness. This study integrates the three dimensions of economic urbanisation, population urbanisation, and spatial urbanisation to construct a multi-dimensional urban modified carbon balance (MCB) assessment framework, it systematically calculated the CB and MCB of 366 cities in China. Analysis shows that from 2000 to 2020, a widening disparity between anthropogenic carbon emissions and ecological sequestration capacity. The number of cities achieving CB shrinks from 146 to 64. If compensatory regulation of urban carbon emissions is implemented through a carbon quota allocation mechanism, the number of cities meeting MCB standard will increase significantly from 207 to 231.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{huang2026spatiotemporal,
  title = {{Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Carbon Balance Considering Multi‐Dimensional Urbanization Across 366 Cities in China}},
  author = {Min Joon Huang and Daohong Gong and Yuliang Deng and Yong Ge and Hui Lin and Daoye Zhu and Changjiang Xiao and Tengping Jiang and Orhan Altan},
  journal = {Earth s Future},
  year = {2026},
  month = jun,
  doi = {10.1029/2025ef007265},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1029/2025ef007265},
  note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Carbon Balance Considering Multi‐Dimensional Urbanization Across 366 Cities in China
AU  - Min Joon Huang
AU  - Daohong Gong
AU  - Yuliang Deng
AU  - Yong Ge
AU  - Hui Lin
AU  - Daoye Zhu
AU  - Changjiang Xiao
AU  - Tengping Jiang
AU  - Orhan Altan
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/06/30
JO  - Earth s Future
DO  - 10.1029/2025ef007265
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1029/2025ef007265
AB  - Low-carbon sustainable development has become essential for China to achieve its carbon neutrality goals. However, most existing carbon balance (CB) studies ignore the corresponding carbon quotas accounting for development needs during urbanization, leading to an assessment of urban low-carbon development that lacks scientific rigour and fairness. This study integrates the three dimensions of economic urbanisation, population urbanisation, and spatial urbanisation to construct a multi-dimensional urban modified carbon balance (MCB) assessment framework, it systematically calculated the CB and MCB of 366 cities in China. Analysis shows that from 2000 to 2020, a widening disparity between anthropogenic carbon emissions and ecological sequestration capacity. The number of cities achieving CB shrinks from 146 to 64. If compensatory regulation of urban carbon emissions is implemented through a carbon quota allocation mechanism, the number of cities meeting MCB standard will increase significantly from 207 to 231.
SN  - 2328-4277
ER  -