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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Nutrition

Association between preconception serum lipid levels and pregnancy complications in singleton live births from IVF/ICSI with fresh embryo transfers

  • Wang-Yu Cai1
  • Xi Luo2
  • Qing Zhang3
  • Hongping Li4
  • Huadi Yang1
  • Xinyan Wang1
  • Jian Xu5,6
6 affiliations
  1. 1Department of Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
  2. 2Department of Gynecology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
  3. 3Department of Gynecology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou, China
  4. 4Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
  5. 5Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu, China
  6. 6Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to examine how preconception serum lipid profiles are associated with pregnancy complications in women who achieved singleton live births following assisted reproductive technology (ART).

Methods: This study included 1,036 women who had singleton births after ART. Preconception serum lipid measurements included low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG). The pregnancy complication outcomes included cesarean section, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preeclampsia, preterm delivery (PTD), small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), low birthweight (LBW), macrosomia, and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission.

Results: The incidence of cesarean section, GDM, preeclampsia, PTD, SGA, LGA, LBW, macrosomia, and NICU admission was 51.6%, 3.8%, 0.7%, 7.6%, 6.8%, 15.6%, 6.4%, 5.7%, and 1.8%, respectively. Women with dyslipidemia had higher rates of GDM (11.7% vs. 2.1%, p < 0.001), PTD (13.9% vs. 6.3%, p < 0.001), and LWB (10.6% vs. 5.5%, p = 0.012). After adjusting for possible confounders, TG (OR 1.49[1.11–1.99]) was positively associated with PTD. TC (OR 1.48[1.08–2.02]), LDL-C (OR 1.48[1.03–2.14]), and HDL-C (OR 3.03[1.19–7.73]) were positively associated with SGA. TC (OR 2.22[1.63–3.04]) and TG (OR 1.20[1.00–1.44]) were positively associated with GDM.

Conclusion: Preconception serum lipid levels were associated with pregnancy complications in women receiving ART.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{cai2026association,
  title = {{Association between preconception serum lipid levels and pregnancy complications in singleton live births from IVF/ICSI with fresh embryo transfers}},
  author = {Wang-Yu Cai and Xi Luo and Qing Zhang and Hongping Li and Huadi Yang and Xinyan Wang and Jian Xu},
  journal = {Frontiers in Nutrition},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fnut.2026.1915181},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1915181},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Association between preconception serum lipid levels and pregnancy complications in singleton live births from IVF/ICSI with fresh embryo transfers
AU  - Wang-Yu Cai
AU  - Xi Luo
AU  - Qing Zhang
AU  - Hongping Li
AU  - Huadi Yang
AU  - Xinyan Wang
AU  - Jian Xu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/21
JO  - Frontiers in Nutrition
DO  - 10.3389/fnut.2026.1915181
UR  - https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2026.1915181
AB  - Purpose: This study aimed to examine how preconception serum lipid profiles are associated with pregnancy complications in women who achieved singleton live births following assisted reproductive technology (ART).  Methods: This study included 1,036 women who had singleton births after ART. Preconception serum lipid measurements included low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), and triglycerides (TG). The pregnancy complication outcomes included cesarean section, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preeclampsia, preterm delivery (PTD), small for gestational age (SGA), large for gestational age (LGA), low birthweight (LBW), macrosomia, and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission.  Results: The incidence of cesarean section, GDM, preeclampsia, PTD, SGA, LGA, LBW, macrosomia, and NICU admission was 51.6%, 3.8%, 0.7%, 7.6%, 6.8%, 15.6%, 6.4%, 5.7%, and 1.8%, respectively. Women with dyslipidemia had higher rates of GDM (11.7% vs. 2.1%, p < 0.001), PTD (13.9% vs. 6.3%, p < 0.001), and LWB (10.6% vs. 5.5%, p = 0.012). After adjusting for possible confounders, TG (OR 1.49[1.11–1.99]) was positively associated with PTD. TC (OR 1.48[1.08–2.02]), LDL-C (OR 1.48[1.03–2.14]), and HDL-C (OR 3.03[1.19–7.73]) were positively associated with SGA. TC (OR 2.22[1.63–3.04]) and TG (OR 1.20[1.00–1.44]) were positively associated with GDM.  Conclusion: Preconception serum lipid levels were associated with pregnancy complications in women receiving ART.
SN  - 2296-861X
ER  -