Acute heat stress induces short- and long-term epigenetic changes in the buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris).
- 1Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. [email protected].
- 2Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
Abstract
Background
Global warming and the increasing frequency of extreme weather events threaten organisms worldwide, with cold-adapted species like bumblebees being especially vulnerable. Although heat stress has been shown to affect bumblebee physiology and behaviour, whether it also impacts their epigenome remains unknown. In this study, we addressed this gap by investigating the short- and long-term effects of acute heat stress experienced early in adult life on DNA methylation profiles in the buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris). The DNA methylomes of males exposed either to control conditions (25°C) or to acute heat stress (42 °C for 60 min) were sequenced 1 day and 15 days after exposure to disentangle the short- and long-term effects of thermal stress.Results
Heat stress induced differential methylation at hundreds to thousands of sites in both the short- and long-term, yet these signatures were largely distinct across time points. Accordingly, random forest classification failed to identify a persistent long-term DNA methylation signature of heat stress, indicating that heat-induced DNA methylation patterns change over time. Similarly, epigenetic clock analyses revealed that epigenetic age was transiently increased in the short-term, but not in the long-term.Conclusions
By uncovering the temporal dynamics of DNA methylation profiles following heat stress inB. terrestrismales, our findings suggest that DNA methylation is actively regulated rather than passively maintaining environmentally induced alterations. These results shed new light on how environmental signals may dynamically shape the insect epigenome.
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BibTeX
@article{renard2026acute,
title = {{Acute heat stress induces short- and long-term epigenetic changes in the buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris).}},
author = {Thibaut Renard and Morgane Boseret and Serge Aron},
journal = {BMC ecology and evolution},
year = {2026},
month = jul,
doi = {10.1186/s12862-026-02564-2},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42928104},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Acute heat stress induces short- and long-term epigenetic changes in the buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris).
AU - Thibaut Renard
AU - Morgane Boseret
AU - Serge Aron
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/07/24
JO - BMC ecology and evolution
DO - 10.1186/s12862-026-02564-2
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42928104
AB - Background Global warming and the increasing frequency of extreme weather events threaten organisms worldwide, with cold-adapted species like bumblebees being especially vulnerable. Although heat stress has been shown to affect bumblebee physiology and behaviour, whether it also impacts their epigenome remains unknown. In this study, we addressed this gap by investigating the short- and long-term effects of acute heat stress experienced early in adult life on DNA methylation profiles in the buff-tailed bumblebee (Bombus terrestris). The DNA methylomes of males exposed either to control conditions (25°C) or to acute heat stress (42 °C for 60 min) were sequenced 1 day and 15 days after exposure to disentangle the short- and long-term effects of thermal stress.Results Heat stress induced differential methylation at hundreds to thousands of sites in both the short- and long-term, yet these signatures were largely distinct across time points. Accordingly, random forest classification failed to identify a persistent long-term DNA methylation signature of heat stress, indicating that heat-induced DNA methylation patterns change over time. Similarly, epigenetic clock analyses revealed that epigenetic age was transiently increased in the short-term, but not in the long-term.Conclusions By uncovering the temporal dynamics of DNA methylation profiles following heat stress inB. terrestrismales, our findings suggest that DNA methylation is actively regulated rather than passively maintaining environmentally induced alterations. These results shed new light on how environmental signals may dynamically shape the insect epigenome.
SN - 2730-7182
ER -