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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Endocrinology

Adjunctive pharmacotherapy for obesity in type 1 diabetes: current evidence for GLP-1 receptor agonists

  • Maja Baretić1,2
  • Andrej Belančić3
  1. 1Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb
  2. 2Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb
  3. 3Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka
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Abstract

The increasing prevalence of obesity among individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) has introduced significant metabolic complexity, including insulin resistance, weight-related comorbidities, and escalating insulin requirements. Traditional insulin-centric management strategies often exacerbate weight gain, highlighting the need for adjunctive pharmacological approaches. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist (dual GLP-1/GIP RA), widely used in type 2 diabetes and obesity, offer mechanistic benefits through appetite suppression, delayed gastric emptying, modulation of glucagon secretion, and improvement in insulin sensitivity. This narrative perspective combines a single clinical case report with an overview of the available evidence on GLP-1 RAs and dual GLP-1/GIP RAs as emerging adjunctive therapies for obesity management in T1D. The available evidence, including our clinical experience, is considered in the context of potential benefits, safety considerations, and the current limitations of the evidence base. Given the limited evidence in T1D, further well-designed studies are needed to better define their efficacy/effectiveness, safety, and appropriate clinical use in people with T1D and obesity.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{baretic2026adjunctive,
  title = {{Adjunctive pharmacotherapy for obesity in type 1 diabetes: current evidence for GLP-1 receptor agonists}},
  author = {Maja Baretić and Andrej Belančić},
  journal = {Frontiers in Endocrinology},
  year = {2026},
  month = nov,
  doi = {10.3389/fendo.2026.1944597},
  url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.1944597/full},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Adjunctive pharmacotherapy for obesity in type 1 diabetes: current evidence for GLP-1 receptor agonists
AU  - Maja Baretić
AU  - Andrej Belančić
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/11/09
JO  - Frontiers in Endocrinology
DO  - 10.3389/fendo.2026.1944597
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2026.1944597/full
AB  - The increasing prevalence of obesity among individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) has introduced significant metabolic complexity, including insulin resistance, weight-related comorbidities, and escalating insulin requirements. Traditional insulin-centric management strategies often exacerbate weight gain, highlighting the need for adjunctive pharmacological approaches. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) and dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist (dual GLP-1/GIP RA), widely used in type 2 diabetes and obesity, offer mechanistic benefits through appetite suppression, delayed gastric emptying, modulation of glucagon secretion, and improvement in insulin sensitivity. This narrative perspective combines a single clinical case report with an overview of the available evidence on GLP-1 RAs and dual GLP-1/GIP RAs as emerging adjunctive therapies for obesity management in T1D. The available evidence, including our clinical experience, is considered in the context of potential benefits, safety considerations, and the current limitations of the evidence base. Given the limited evidence in T1D, further well-designed studies are needed to better define their efficacy/effectiveness, safety, and appropriate clinical use in people with T1D and obesity.
SN  - 1664-2392
ER  -