Thermodynamic topology of magnetic GMGHS black holes: the W̅1− subclass
Abstract
Thermodynamic topology provides a topological classification of black hole states and their branch structures in thermodynamic parameter space. We investigate the thermodynamic topology of the charged nonextremal magnetic Gibbons--Maeda family in four-dimensional asymptotically flat Einstein--Maxwell--dilaton gravity, with particular emphasis on its string-theory member at the dilaton coupling a=1, the Gibbons--Maeda--Garfinkle--Horowitz--Strominger (GMGHS) black hole. An analytic classification over the complete domain of regular outer horizons shows that the dilaton coupling separates the family into three limiting structures of the inverse Hawking temperature. At a=1, the GMGHS defect curve approaches a nonzero lower inverse temperature endpoint and contains a single unstable branch. In particular, the magnetic GMGHS black hole provides an explicit realization of the previously proposed W̅1− thermodynamic topological subclass within an asymptotically flat Einstein--Maxwell--dilaton solution. This result demonstrates that the global topological number W alone does not completely characterize black hole thermodynamic topology. The asymptotic behavior of the inverse Hawking temperature near the boundaries of the physical horizon domain provides an additional criterion for distinguishing thermodynamic topological subclasses with the same W.
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BibTeX
@misc{yin2026thermodynamic,
title = {{Thermodynamic topology of magnetic GMGHS black holes: the $\overline W^1-$ subclass}},
author = {Dejiang Yin and Qi-Qi Liang and Yu-Die Wan and Li-Yun Zhang},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2609.20898},
eprint = {2609.20898},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.20898},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Thermodynamic topology of magnetic GMGHS black holes: the W̅^1− subclass
AU - Dejiang Yin
AU - Qi-Qi Liang
AU - Yu-Die Wan
AU - Li-Yun Zhang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/17
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2609.20898
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2609.20898
AB - Thermodynamic topology provides a topological classification of black hole states and their branch structures in thermodynamic parameter space. We investigate the thermodynamic topology of the charged nonextremal magnetic Gibbons--Maeda family in four-dimensional asymptotically flat Einstein--Maxwell--dilaton gravity, with particular emphasis on its string-theory member at the dilaton coupling a=1, the Gibbons--Maeda--Garfinkle--Horowitz--Strominger (GMGHS) black hole. An analytic classification over the complete domain of regular outer horizons shows that the dilaton coupling separates the family into three limiting structures of the inverse Hawking temperature. At a=1, the GMGHS defect curve approaches a nonzero lower inverse temperature endpoint and contains a single unstable branch. In particular, the magnetic GMGHS black hole provides an explicit realization of the previously proposed W̅^1− thermodynamic topological subclass within an asymptotically flat Einstein--Maxwell--dilaton solution. This result demonstrates that the global topological number W alone does not completely characterize black hole thermodynamic topology. The asymptotic behavior of the inverse Hawking temperature near the boundaries of the physical horizon domain provides an additional criterion for distinguishing thermodynamic topological subclasses with the same W.
ER -