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Gravitational wave interactions with matter: beyond quadrupolar perturbations
Abstract
Previous work has developed the theory of linearized gravitational wave (GW) interactions with matter using the Bondi-Sachs formalism, but with the perturbations restricted to be quadrupolar, i.e., the angular dependence is spherical harmonic with ℓ=2. Here, the theory is extended to the case of GWs on a Minkowski background with general ℓ. Formulas for the GW damping and heating effects are obtained for arbitrary ℓ≥ 2. It is found that the effects are, generally, enhanced, and this suggests that it is unlikely that higher ℓ-modes will be seen in GW observations of the post-merger signal of a binary neutron star merger, or of a core collapse supernova.
Versions
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BibTeX
@misc{vinckers2026gravitational,
title = {{Gravitational wave interactions with matter: beyond quadrupolar perturbations}},
author = {Ulrich K. Beckering Vinckers and Nigel T. Bishop},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2605.25950},
eprint = {2605.25950},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.25950},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Gravitational wave interactions with matter: beyond quadrupolar perturbations
AU - Ulrich K. Beckering Vinckers
AU - Nigel T. Bishop
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/07
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2605.25950
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.25950
AB - Previous work has developed the theory of linearized gravitational wave (GW) interactions with matter using the Bondi-Sachs formalism, but with the perturbations restricted to be quadrupolar, i.e., the angular dependence is spherical harmonic with ℓ=2. Here, the theory is extended to the case of GWs on a Minkowski background with general ℓ. Formulas for the GW damping and heating effects are obtained for arbitrary ℓ≥ 2. It is found that the effects are, generally, enhanced, and this suggests that it is unlikely that higher ℓ-modes will be seen in GW observations of the post-merger signal of a binary neutron star merger, or of a core collapse supernova.
ER -