Predictive models of weakness among older adults: the contribution of oral health indicators
Abstract
Poor oral health can negatively impact overall health and quality of life. Understanding how oral health predicts weakness in older adults is critical, since weakness increases the risk of health outcomes. However, the predictive role of oral health indicators in weakness among older adults remains unclear. This study assessed the ability of oral health indicators to predict weakness using data from Brazil's EpiFloripa Aging cohort study. Predictive validity was evaluated in a sample of older adults participating in the cohort's second (n = 440) and third (n = 347) waves. Self-reported sociodemographic, general health, and oral health variables were analyzed, with weakness diagnosed using cut-off points for handgrip strength. Predictive models incorporating sociodemographic, general health, and oral health variables were tested. Receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivity and specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Approximately 45.9% of the participants had two to three compromised oral health indicators during the second wave, and the five-year incidence of weakness was 31.9%. Oral health indicators and the oral frailty score did not enhance the prediction of weakness compared to models based solely on demographic, socioeconomic, and general health variables. However, models including oral health indicators demonstrated predictive accuracy comparable to those with demographic, socioeconomic, and general health variables. Sensitivity values were low (3.70-6.48%), while specificity values were high (>99%), with accuracy ranging from 0.64 to 0.71. These findings suggest that oral health indicators offer comparable predictive validity for weakness as sociodemographic and general health models, potentially serving as useful tools for health teams in screening older adults for weakness.
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BibTeX
@article{mello2026predictive,
title = {{Predictive models of weakness among older adults: the contribution of oral health indicators}},
author = {Ana Lúcia Schaefer Ferreira De Mello and Mateus Cardoso Pereira and Daniela de Rossi Figueiredo and Eleonora D’orsi and Marco Aurélio Peres and Karen Glazer Peres},
journal = {Brazilian Oral Research},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1590/1807-3107bor-2025.vol39.064},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05791941v1},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Predictive models of weakness among older adults: the contribution of oral health indicators
AU - Ana Lúcia Schaefer Ferreira De Mello
AU - Mateus Cardoso Pereira
AU - Daniela de Rossi Figueiredo
AU - Eleonora D’orsi
AU - Marco Aurélio Peres
AU - Karen Glazer Peres
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/11
JO - Brazilian Oral Research
DO - 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2025.vol39.064
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05791941v1
AB - Poor oral health can negatively impact overall health and quality of life. Understanding how oral health predicts weakness in older adults is critical, since weakness increases the risk of health outcomes. However, the predictive role of oral health indicators in weakness among older adults remains unclear. This study assessed the ability of oral health indicators to predict weakness using data from Brazil's EpiFloripa Aging cohort study. Predictive validity was evaluated in a sample of older adults participating in the cohort's second (n = 440) and third (n = 347) waves. Self-reported sociodemographic, general health, and oral health variables were analyzed, with weakness diagnosed using cut-off points for handgrip strength. Predictive models incorporating sociodemographic, general health, and oral health variables were tested. Receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivity and specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated. Approximately 45.9% of the participants had two to three compromised oral health indicators during the second wave, and the five-year incidence of weakness was 31.9%. Oral health indicators and the oral frailty score did not enhance the prediction of weakness compared to models based solely on demographic, socioeconomic, and general health variables. However, models including oral health indicators demonstrated predictive accuracy comparable to those with demographic, socioeconomic, and general health variables. Sensitivity values were low (3.70-6.48%), while specificity values were high (>99%), with accuracy ranging from 0.64 to 0.71. These findings suggest that oral health indicators offer comparable predictive validity for weakness as sociodemographic and general health models, potentially serving as useful tools for health teams in screening older adults for weakness.
SN - 1806-8324
ER -