Dyadic Coping with Dyspnoea-Related Kinesiophobia in Couples Living with COPD: "Entrapped Together or Moving Through Together" - A Constructivist Grounded Theory.
- 1Nursing College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
- 2NHC Key Laboratory of Pneumoconiosis, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
- 3Nursing Department, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
Abstract
Aim
To generate a theory explaining how patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and their partners experience and navigate the process of coping with dyspnoea-related kinesiophobia within everyday pulmonary rehabilitation and home-based disease management.Methods
A qualitative study using constructivist grounded theory was conducted in the respiratory department of one large tertiary hospital and its affiliated community health service centre in Shanxi Province, China. Initial purposive sampling and subsequent theoretical sampling were used to recruit 21 couples, comprising clinically stable patients with COPD and kinesiophobia (operationally defined as Breathlessness Beliefs Questionnaire-Activity Avoidance subscale score >6) and their cohabiting partners. Data were collected through face-to-face dyadic interviews. Concurrent data analysis employed a constant comparative approach, facilitated by NVivo 12 software, to iteratively refine emerging codes and categories.Results
The 21 patients represented GOLD airflow limitation grades 1-3, including grade 1 (n=2), grade 2 (n=12), and grade 3 (n=7). Analysis generated the core category "Entrapped Together or Moving Through Together", which conceptualises kinesiophobia as a dynamic dyadic process rather than solely an individual experience. Patients' symptom-related fear entered couple interactions through two distinct patterns: patients' expressions of distress elicited kinesiophobia and protective anxiety in partners, whereas partners' protective monitoring and restriction could become incorporated into patients' movement-related concerns. Couples subsequently responded through four patterns-joint avoidance, motivational conflict, support mismatch, and the paradox of love. Over time, these interactions were associated with two contrasting relational states: becoming "entrapped together" through persistent avoidance and overprotection, or "moving through together" through communication, role adjustment, and accumulated successful experiences. These relational states could, in turn, shape subsequent couple interactions around kinesiophobia.Conclusion
The findings reveal profound dyadic interdependence in coping with kinesiophobia, providing support for the development of rehabilitative frameworks prioritising both objective functional outcomes and the subjective experiences of both partners. A couple-centred model of support warrants development and evaluation for sustainably improving rehabilitation trajectories for both patients and their partners.
Related
- "Caring in a liminal space": a constructivist grounded theory study examining nurses' approach to end-of-life care provision in acute care settings.
- Endovascular retrieval of bone cement entrapped in an inferior vena cava filter after percutaneous vertebroplasty: a case report
- The Hidden Trap: Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome Masking Entrapped Great Occipital Nerve-A Case of Headache Surgery.
- Beyond Color: A Constructivist Account of Chromatic Stimuli as Multidimensional Physiological and Psychological Events
- Network analysis of kinesiophobia and fear of progression and their association with cardiac rehabilitation adherence in post-CABG patients
BibTeX
@article{liu2026dyadic,
title = {{Dyadic Coping with Dyspnoea-Related Kinesiophobia in Couples Living with COPD: "Entrapped Together or Moving Through Together" - A Constructivist Grounded Theory.}},
author = {Xing Liu and Wenxiang Fan and Tingxu Zhou and Shuhua Li and Linping Shang},
journal = {International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.2147/copd.s641984},
url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42936193},
note = {CC BY-NC},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Dyadic Coping with Dyspnoea-Related Kinesiophobia in Couples Living with COPD: "Entrapped Together or Moving Through Together" - A Constructivist Grounded Theory.
AU - Xing Liu
AU - Wenxiang Fan
AU - Tingxu Zhou
AU - Shuhua Li
AU - Linping Shang
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/22
JO - International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
DO - 10.2147/copd.s641984
UR - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42936193
AB - Aim To generate a theory explaining how patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and their partners experience and navigate the process of coping with dyspnoea-related kinesiophobia within everyday pulmonary rehabilitation and home-based disease management.Methods A qualitative study using constructivist grounded theory was conducted in the respiratory department of one large tertiary hospital and its affiliated community health service centre in Shanxi Province, China. Initial purposive sampling and subsequent theoretical sampling were used to recruit 21 couples, comprising clinically stable patients with COPD and kinesiophobia (operationally defined as Breathlessness Beliefs Questionnaire-Activity Avoidance subscale score >6) and their cohabiting partners. Data were collected through face-to-face dyadic interviews. Concurrent data analysis employed a constant comparative approach, facilitated by NVivo 12 software, to iteratively refine emerging codes and categories.Results The 21 patients represented GOLD airflow limitation grades 1-3, including grade 1 (n=2), grade 2 (n=12), and grade 3 (n=7). Analysis generated the core category "Entrapped Together or Moving Through Together", which conceptualises kinesiophobia as a dynamic dyadic process rather than solely an individual experience. Patients' symptom-related fear entered couple interactions through two distinct patterns: patients' expressions of distress elicited kinesiophobia and protective anxiety in partners, whereas partners' protective monitoring and restriction could become incorporated into patients' movement-related concerns. Couples subsequently responded through four patterns-joint avoidance, motivational conflict, support mismatch, and the paradox of love. Over time, these interactions were associated with two contrasting relational states: becoming "entrapped together" through persistent avoidance and overprotection, or "moving through together" through communication, role adjustment, and accumulated successful experiences. These relational states could, in turn, shape subsequent couple interactions around kinesiophobia.Conclusion The findings reveal profound dyadic interdependence in coping with kinesiophobia, providing support for the development of rehabilitative frameworks prioritising both objective functional outcomes and the subjective experiences of both partners. A couple-centred model of support warrants development and evaluation for sustainably improving rehabilitation trajectories for both patients and their partners.
SN - 1176-9106
SN - 1178-2005
ER -