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Peer-reviewedCC BY 3.0Chemical Science

Chalcogen heteroatom engineering of solid additives with optimized excited-state properties enables the development of high-performance organic solar cells

  • You-Dan Zhang1
  • Xue Chen1
  • Shun Zhang2
  • Huan-Tao Xu3
  • Rong-Rong Liu1
  • Xin-Ru Gao1
  • Haojie Du4
  • Yuhan Song4
  • Cheng-Long Wang1
  • Chunfeng Zhang3
4 affiliations
  1. 1National Green Coating Equipment and Technology Research Centre, Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 China
  2. 2Lanzhou Longneng Electric Power Science & Technology Ltd Lanzhou 730070 China
  3. 3National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China
  4. 4School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University Lanzhou 730070 China
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Abstract

Solid additives (SAs) attract considerable research interest due to their remarkable ability to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). In spite of this, current research on how chalcogen heteroatom engineering of SAs affects the properties of excited states and thereby the performance of OSCs remains relatively scarce. In this work, two simple, halogen-free and low-cost SAs, benzofuran (BFZ) and 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTD), are innovatively selected to conduct a systematic investigation into the influences of chalcogen heteroatom engineering of SAs on the properties of excited states and the performance of OSCs. The femtosecond transient absorption (fs-TA) measurements demonstrate that the BTD-based films exhibit faster hole transfer (HT), longer lifetime and greater quantity of intra-moiety delocalized excited states (i-DEs), as well as less non-radiative recombination mediated by triplet states. Among them, the optimal performance is attained in the BTD-treated devices, yielding a PCE of up to 19.11%, significantly superior to that of the control devices (18.12%). This study not only expands the library of halogen-free SAs but also highlights the significance of chalcogen heteroatom engineering of SAs in regulating the properties of excited states, suppressing triplet-mediated energy loss as well as advancing the performance of OSCs.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{zhang2026chalcogen,
  title = {{Chalcogen heteroatom engineering of solid additives with optimized excited-state properties enables the development of high-performance organic solar cells}},
  author = {You-Dan Zhang and Xue Chen and Shun Zhang and Huan-Tao Xu and Rong-Rong Liu and Xin-Ru Gao and Haojie Du and Yuhan Song and Cheng-Long Wang and Chunfeng Zhang},
  journal = {Chemical Science},
  year = {2026},
  month = sep,
  doi = {10.1039/d6sc04665g},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.1039/d6sc04665g},
  note = {CC BY 3.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Chalcogen heteroatom engineering of solid additives with optimized excited-state properties enables the development of high-performance organic solar cells
AU  - You-Dan Zhang
AU  - Xue Chen
AU  - Shun Zhang
AU  - Huan-Tao Xu
AU  - Rong-Rong Liu
AU  - Xin-Ru Gao
AU  - Haojie Du
AU  - Yuhan Song
AU  - Cheng-Long Wang
AU  - Chunfeng Zhang
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/09/11
JO  - Chemical Science
DO  - 10.1039/d6sc04665g
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1039/d6sc04665g
AB  - Solid additives (SAs) attract considerable research interest due to their remarkable ability to improve the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic solar cells (OSCs). In spite of this, current research on how chalcogen heteroatom engineering of SAs affects the properties of excited states and thereby the performance of OSCs remains relatively scarce. In this work, two simple, halogen-free and low-cost SAs, benzofuran (BFZ) and 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (BTD), are innovatively selected to conduct a systematic investigation into the influences of chalcogen heteroatom engineering of SAs on the properties of excited states and the performance of OSCs. The femtosecond transient absorption (fs-TA) measurements demonstrate that the BTD-based films exhibit faster hole transfer (HT), longer lifetime and greater quantity of intra-moiety delocalized excited states (i-DEs), as well as less non-radiative recombination mediated by triplet states. Among them, the optimal performance is attained in the BTD-treated devices, yielding a PCE of up to 19.11%, significantly superior to that of the control devices (18.12%). This study not only expands the library of halogen-free SAs but also highlights the significance of chalcogen heteroatom engineering of SAs in regulating the properties of excited states, suppressing triplet-mediated energy loss as well as advancing the performance of OSCs.
SN  - 2041-6520
SN  - 2041-6539
ER  -