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Peer-reviewedCC BY 4.0Frontiers in Immunology

From gut dysbiosis to synaptic dysfunction in insomnia-associated depression: immune mechanisms and nutritional interventions

  • Dan Tian1,2
  • Hu Qi1
  • Zhizhong Luo1
  • Jili Xu2
  • Jie Wu2
  1. 1Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
  2. 2Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
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Abstract

Insomnia and depression frequently coexist, yet their shared biological mechanisms have not been systematically integrated, limiting the development of targeted preventive and therapeutic strategies. Growing evidence identifies immune dysregulation as a key link between insomnia and depression, with the microbiota-gut-brain axis providing an important mechanistic framework. This review summarizes how insomnia induced gut microbiota alterations disrupt intestinal homeostasis, promote peripheral and central inflammation, and impair synaptic function during depression. It also discusses dietary interventions, food derived bioactive compounds, probiotics, and other microbiota targeted strategies. Targeting microbiota mediated immune pathways may provide new opportunities for the prevention and treatment of insomnia related depression.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{tian2026from,
  title = {{From gut dysbiosis to synaptic dysfunction in insomnia-associated depression: immune mechanisms and nutritional interventions}},
  author = {Dan Tian and Hu Qi and Zhizhong Luo and Jili Xu and Jie Wu},
  journal = {Frontiers in Immunology},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.3389/fimmu.2026.1940701},
  url = {https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1940701/full},
  note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - From gut dysbiosis to synaptic dysfunction in insomnia-associated depression: immune mechanisms and nutritional interventions
AU  - Dan Tian
AU  - Hu Qi
AU  - Zhizhong Luo
AU  - Jili Xu
AU  - Jie Wu
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/20
JO  - Frontiers in Immunology
DO  - 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1940701
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1940701/full
AB  - Insomnia and depression frequently coexist, yet their shared biological mechanisms have not been systematically integrated, limiting the development of targeted preventive and therapeutic strategies. Growing evidence identifies immune dysregulation as a key link between insomnia and depression, with the microbiota-gut-brain axis providing an important mechanistic framework. This review summarizes how insomnia induced gut microbiota alterations disrupt intestinal homeostasis, promote peripheral and central inflammation, and impair synaptic function during depression. It also discusses dietary interventions, food derived bioactive compounds, probiotics, and other microbiota targeted strategies. Targeting microbiota mediated immune pathways may provide new opportunities for the prevention and treatment of insomnia related depression.
SN  - 1664-3224
ER  -