Impact of Phase Unwrapping on Multitarget Acoustic Lenses for Transcranial Holography
Abstract
Acoustic lenses have been introduced recently to compensate for the phase distortions induced by the propagation across a human skull for ultrasonic deep-brain stimulation in humans. In this study, we present bifocal lenses that compensate for human skull aberrations and allow simultaneous targeting of multiple structures deep in the brain. We investigated the impact of phase unwrapping in the design of the lenses and how this process improves the distribution of pressure produced in N=5 human skulls for two different spatial arrangements of the targets. The results show that unwrapping the phase computed during the design increases the fidelity of the pressure field generated across the human skulls. The spatial precision is on average improved by 73%, and out of target energy deposition is on average reduced by 58%. The results presented in this study highlight the importance of phase unwrapping to optimize the safety and efficacy of future transcranial ultrasound stimulations targeting multiple regions.
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BibTeX
@article{attali2026impact,
title = {{Impact of Phase Unwrapping on Multitarget Acoustic Lenses for Transcranial Holography}},
author = {D. Attali and T. Tiennot and M. Tanter and Jean-Francois Aubry},
journal = {IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.1109/tuffc.2025.3570231},
eprint = {2609.18495},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://hal.science/hal-05747522v1},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Impact of Phase Unwrapping on Multitarget Acoustic Lenses for Transcranial Holography
AU - D. Attali
AU - T. Tiennot
AU - M. Tanter
AU - Jean-Francois Aubry
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/11
JO - IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control
DO - 10.1109/tuffc.2025.3570231
UR - https://hal.science/hal-05747522v1
AB - Acoustic lenses have been introduced recently to compensate for the phase distortions induced by the propagation across a human skull for ultrasonic deep-brain stimulation in humans. In this study, we present bifocal lenses that compensate for human skull aberrations and allow simultaneous targeting of multiple structures deep in the brain. We investigated the impact of phase unwrapping in the design of the lenses and how this process improves the distribution of pressure produced in N=5 human skulls for two different spatial arrangements of the targets. The results show that unwrapping the phase computed during the design increases the fidelity of the pressure field generated across the human skulls. The spatial precision is on average improved by 73%, and out of target energy deposition is on average reduced by 58%. The results presented in this study highlight the importance of phase unwrapping to optimize the safety and efficacy of future transcranial ultrasound stimulations targeting multiple regions.
SN - 0885-3010
SN - 1525-8955
ER -