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Peer-reviewedCC BYCurrent HIV/AIDS reports

Central Nervous System Reservoirs and HIV Cure: Therapeutic Opportunities and Challenges.

  • Thomas A Angelovich1,2,3
  • Michael Roche3
  • Paul R Gorry3
  • Melissa J Churchill4
4 affiliations
  1. 1ATRACT Research Centre, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Bundoora West Campus, 225-245 Plenty Rd, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia.
  2. 2Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
  3. 3Department of Infectious Diseases, The University of Melbourne at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
  4. 4ATRACT Research Centre, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) University, Bundoora West Campus, 225-245 Plenty Rd, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3083, Australia. [email protected].
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Abstract

Purpose of review

Despite viral suppression with antiretroviral therapy, people with HIV (PWH) remain at increased risk of neurocognitive impairment, neuroinflammation, and potential viral rebound following therapy interruption. Although the central nervous system (CNS) is a recognised HIV reservoir, it is often not fully considered in cure approaches.Recent findings

HIV DNA and ongoing viral transcription persist in the CNS of ART-suppressed PWH, potentially contributing to neuroinflammation and neurocognitive dysfunction. HIV cure strategies, including latency-reversing/promoting agents, broadly neutralising antibodies and other approaches have varying degrees of CNS penetration, efficacy and potential neurotoxicity. Therefore, interventions aimed at silencing or eradicating HIV reservoirs require monitoring of both reservoir-targeting efficacy and neurological adverse effects. Greater consideration of CNS penetration, efficacy in targeting CNS reservoirs, and neurotoxicity is required in HIV cure studies. Developing CNS-inclusive strategies that minimise adverse neurological effects may be an important step in achieving HIV cure.

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Cite

BibTeXRIS
BibTeX
@article{angelovich2026central,
  title = {{Central Nervous System Reservoirs and HIV Cure: Therapeutic Opportunities and Challenges.}},
  author = {Thomas A Angelovich and Michael Roche and Paul R Gorry and Melissa J Churchill},
  journal = {Current HIV/AIDS reports},
  year = {2026},
  month = oct,
  doi = {10.1007/s11904-026-00798-9},
  url = {https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42891909},
  note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY  - JOUR
TI  - Central Nervous System Reservoirs and HIV Cure: Therapeutic Opportunities and Challenges.
AU  - Thomas A Angelovich
AU  - Michael Roche
AU  - Paul R Gorry
AU  - Melissa J Churchill
PY  - 2026
DA  - 2026/10/17
JO  - Current HIV/AIDS reports
DO  - 10.1007/s11904-026-00798-9
UR  - https://europepmc.org/article/MED/42891909
AB  - Purpose of review  Despite viral suppression with antiretroviral therapy, people with HIV (PWH) remain at increased risk of neurocognitive impairment, neuroinflammation, and potential viral rebound following therapy interruption. Although the central nervous system (CNS) is a recognised HIV reservoir, it is often not fully considered in cure approaches.Recent findings  HIV DNA and ongoing viral transcription persist in the CNS of ART-suppressed PWH, potentially contributing to neuroinflammation and neurocognitive dysfunction. HIV cure strategies, including latency-reversing/promoting agents, broadly neutralising antibodies and other approaches have varying degrees of CNS penetration, efficacy and potential neurotoxicity. Therefore, interventions aimed at silencing or eradicating HIV reservoirs require monitoring of both reservoir-targeting efficacy and neurological adverse effects. Greater consideration of CNS penetration, efficacy in targeting CNS reservoirs, and neurotoxicity is required in HIV cure studies. Developing CNS-inclusive strategies that minimise adverse neurological effects may be an important step in achieving HIV cure.
SN  - 1548-3568
SN  - 1548-3576
ER  -