Adaptive brain rewiring after brain injury via adult neurogenesis
- 1Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
Abstract
The adult mammalian brain has limited regenerative capacity yet retains substantial potential for functional reorganization after experience, injury or disease1-3. While local plasticity at injury sites has been described4,5, the brain-wide consequences of a focal injury and the biological processes that drive them remain unknown. To address this, we performed an unbiased, whole brain screen of neuronal activity at single cell resolution following a focal injury to the primary visual cortex (V1) in mice. Olfactory processing areas emerged as loci of remote activation. We further show that V1 injury promotes the recruitment of adult born neurons into the olfactory bulb (OB) and potentiates cortical feedback onto bulbar circuits. Combining high-density multielectrode array recordings with two-photon calcium imaging revealed OB circuit refinement characterized by increased synchrony and sharpened tuning of principal output neurons. These circuit-level functional enhancements coincide with improved behavioral performance in odor-guided tasks. Motor cortex lesions do not elicit similar cellular and behavioral responses, suggesting that such distal adaptation only develops when injury is coupled with increased olfactory demand. Together, these data demonstrate that the adult brain can recruit alternative sensory circuits distant from a focal lesion to undergo adaptive, functionally relevant reorganization, and implicate adult neurogenesis as a contributing mechanism. Our findings expose a previously underappreciated degree of remote plasticity and reveal a novel role of adult neurogenesis in sensory compensation.
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BibTeX
@misc{chakraborty2026adaptive,
title = {{Adaptive brain rewiring after brain injury via adult neurogenesis}},
author = {O. Chakraborty and S. Maturi and M. Zabolocki and M. Muhia and S. Villar-Pazos and M. Decroocq and S. Horenkamp and M. N. Gonzalez Alvarado and L. Piszczek and M. Schlachter and T. Oppelt Duranova and H. Skibbe and J. A. Knoblich and S. Grade},
howpublished = {bioRxiv},
year = {2026},
month = sep,
doi = {10.64898/2026.09.22.753668},
url = {https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.22.753668v1},
note = {CC BY},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Adaptive brain rewiring after brain injury via adult neurogenesis
AU - O. Chakraborty
AU - S. Maturi
AU - M. Zabolocki
AU - M. Muhia
AU - S. Villar-Pazos
AU - M. Decroocq
AU - S. Horenkamp
AU - M. N. Gonzalez Alvarado
AU - L. Piszczek
AU - M. Schlachter
AU - T. Oppelt Duranova
AU - H. Skibbe
AU - J. A. Knoblich
AU - S. Grade
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/09/22
PB - bioRxiv
DO - 10.64898/2026.09.22.753668
UR - https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.09.22.753668v1
AB - The adult mammalian brain has limited regenerative capacity yet retains substantial potential for functional reorganization after experience, injury or disease1-3. While local plasticity at injury sites has been described4,5, the brain-wide consequences of a focal injury and the biological processes that drive them remain unknown. To address this, we performed an unbiased, whole brain screen of neuronal activity at single cell resolution following a focal injury to the primary visual cortex (V1) in mice. Olfactory processing areas emerged as loci of remote activation. We further show that V1 injury promotes the recruitment of adult born neurons into the olfactory bulb (OB) and potentiates cortical feedback onto bulbar circuits. Combining high-density multielectrode array recordings with two-photon calcium imaging revealed OB circuit refinement characterized by increased synchrony and sharpened tuning of principal output neurons. These circuit-level functional enhancements coincide with improved behavioral performance in odor-guided tasks. Motor cortex lesions do not elicit similar cellular and behavioral responses, suggesting that such distal adaptation only develops when injury is coupled with increased olfactory demand. Together, these data demonstrate that the adult brain can recruit alternative sensory circuits distant from a focal lesion to undergo adaptive, functionally relevant reorganization, and implicate adult neurogenesis as a contributing mechanism. Our findings expose a previously underappreciated degree of remote plasticity and reveal a novel role of adult neurogenesis in sensory compensation.
ER -