Integrated Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology Reveal Anti‐Aging and Anti‐MRSA Activities of Cucumis melo Var. flexuosus
8 affiliations
- 1Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy Cairo University Cairo Egypt
- 2Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Biotechnology German International University(GIU), Regional Ring Road, East Cairo, New Administrative Capital Egypt
- 3Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University Cairo Egypt
- 4Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy Galala University New Galala City Egypt
- 5Natural Products Discovery Core, Life Sciences Institute University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
- 6Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology Egyptian Chinese University Cairo Egypt
- 7Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy University of Michigan Ann Arbor Michigan USA
- 8Natural Compounds Chemistry Department Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre Giza Egypt
Abstract
Cucumis melo var. flexuosus is traditionally used for the management of skin ailments; however, its phytochemical composition and bioactivities remain insufficiently characterized. Hereto, three fruit genotypes (LG, SH, and WH) and the leaves of the LG genotype (LGLV) were systematically investigated. More than 100 phytochemicals were tentatively identified in the investigated extracts utilizing LC‐HRMS. Chemometric tools discerned samples in three distinct clusters. LGLV cluster characterized by richness in flavonoids, LG & SH cluster were enriched in glycerol‐ and lyso‐phospholipids while WH was enriched in cerebroside. Network pharmacology revealed that flavonoids, phenolic acids and lysophospholipids were the key phytochemicals against skin aging and MRSA (Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus). LGLV had the highest antioxidant activities in different in vitro assays. LGLV had the highest antibacterial, biofilm inhibition (IC50 = 0.322 mg/mL) and detachment activities against MRSA. Antibacterial efficacy was verified by in vivo MRSA skin infection model. Moreover, LGLV halted aging in H2O2‐induced aging model in vitro human fibroblast cell culture as evidenced by flow cytometry and by the effective suppression of MMP‐1 and IL‐6, p53 and increment in TIMP‐1 levels. These findings highlighted that leaves are a better sustainable source of bioactive compounds for the development of anti‐MRSA and skin‐protective products.
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BibTeX
@article{khalil2026integrated,
title = {{Integrated Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology Reveal Anti‐Aging and Anti‐MRSA Activities of Cucumis melo Var. flexuosus}},
author = {Mohammed N. A. Khalil and Rasha A. Radwan and Mariam Hassan and Noha A. Ahmed and Osama G. Mohamed and Mouchira A. Choucry and Ashootosh Tripathi and Rehab F. Taher},
journal = {Chemistry \& Biodiversity},
year = {2026},
month = oct,
doi = {10.1002/cbdv.71874},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.71874},
note = {CC BY-NC-ND 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Integrated Metabolomics and Network Pharmacology Reveal Anti‐Aging and Anti‐MRSA Activities of Cucumis melo Var. flexuosus
AU - Mohammed N. A. Khalil
AU - Rasha A. Radwan
AU - Mariam Hassan
AU - Noha A. Ahmed
AU - Osama G. Mohamed
AU - Mouchira A. Choucry
AU - Ashootosh Tripathi
AU - Rehab F. Taher
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/10/01
JO - Chemistry & Biodiversity
DO - 10.1002/cbdv.71874
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/cbdv.71874
AB - Cucumis melo var. flexuosus is traditionally used for the management of skin ailments; however, its phytochemical composition and bioactivities remain insufficiently characterized. Hereto, three fruit genotypes (LG, SH, and WH) and the leaves of the LG genotype (LGLV) were systematically investigated. More than 100 phytochemicals were tentatively identified in the investigated extracts utilizing LC‐HRMS. Chemometric tools discerned samples in three distinct clusters. LGLV cluster characterized by richness in flavonoids, LG & SH cluster were enriched in glycerol‐ and lyso‐phospholipids while WH was enriched in cerebroside. Network pharmacology revealed that flavonoids, phenolic acids and lysophospholipids were the key phytochemicals against skin aging and MRSA (Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus). LGLV had the highest antioxidant activities in different in vitro assays. LGLV had the highest antibacterial, biofilm inhibition (IC50 = 0.322 mg/mL) and detachment activities against MRSA. Antibacterial efficacy was verified by in vivo MRSA skin infection model. Moreover, LGLV halted aging in H2O2‐induced aging model in vitro human fibroblast cell culture as evidenced by flow cytometry and by the effective suppression of MMP‐1 and IL‐6, p53 and increment in TIMP‐1 levels. These findings highlighted that leaves are a better sustainable source of bioactive compounds for the development of anti‐MRSA and skin‐protective products.
SN - 1612-1872
SN - 1612-1880
ER -