Universal nested quantum switch
- 1Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
Abstract
The quantum switch is a basic network primitive that allows one to connect multiple nodes in a quantum network via a central node. We show that the same functionality can be achieved with a different geometry that does not rely on a powerful and large central unit, but instead utilizes evenly distributed resources. This approach is resilient against node failures. We provide a nested construction with logarithmically many qubits per node and a total of O(nłog n)O(nlogn) Bell pairs, in contrast to other distributed approaches based on pre-shared entanglement that scale as O(n2). The construction achieves fully flexible pairwise connectivity, where the shared resource state can be locally transformed into n/2 arbitrarily distributed Bell states. We also present a graph state variant with just one qubit per node, which allows one to generate \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}O(n/log 2n)\end{document}O(n/log2n) Bell pairs.
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BibTeX
@article{miguelramiro2026universal,
title = {{Universal nested quantum switch}},
author = {Jorge Miguel-Ramiro and Maria Flors Mor-Ruiz and Wolfgang Dür},
journal = {Npj Quantum Information},
year = {2026},
month = jul,
doi = {10.1038/s41534-026-01317-9},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-026-01317-9},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - JOUR
TI - Universal nested quantum switch
AU - Jorge Miguel-Ramiro
AU - Maria Flors Mor-Ruiz
AU - Wolfgang Dür
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/07/07
JO - Npj Quantum Information
DO - 10.1038/s41534-026-01317-9
UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-026-01317-9
AB - The quantum switch is a basic network primitive that allows one to connect multiple nodes in a quantum network via a central node. We show that the same functionality can be achieved with a different geometry that does not rely on a powerful and large central unit, but instead utilizes evenly distributed resources. This approach is resilient against node failures. We provide a nested construction with logarithmically many qubits per node and a total of O(nłog n)O(nlogn) Bell pairs, in contrast to other distributed approaches based on pre-shared entanglement that scale as O(n2). The construction achieves fully flexible pairwise connectivity, where the shared resource state can be locally transformed into n/2 arbitrarily distributed Bell states. We also present a graph state variant with just one qubit per node, which allows one to generate \documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}O(n/log ^2n)\end{document}O(n/log2n) Bell pairs.
SN - 2056-6387
ER -