Improving Hydrofoil Efficiency Through Simulation-Driven Design Optimization
Abstract
Foil windsurfing is a sport in which competitors fine-tune their setup to optimize performance under varying environmental conditions. However, such adjustments are typically guided by intuition. This paper presents a methodology for improving hydrofoil design using computational fluid dynamics. First, structured light scanning was used to obtain the geometry of a conventional hydrofoil. Subsequently, five derived designs have been explored, inspired by advancements in airplane wing design. Following this, a preliminary design was selected, and a design of experiments approach was implemented. Generated simulation data were used to train a machine learning surrogate, which is ultimately used in the multi-objective design optimization. While the surrogate-based approach yielded promising results, it was limited to exploring a restricted set of design parameters. To overcome this constraint, additional improvements were attained through adjoint optimization, demonstrating that comparable performance can be achieved with a distinctly different hydrofoil design. Finally, the conventional design was refined through adjoint optimization. Notably, adjoint optimization yielded a 15% increase in efficiency. The results suggest that both proposed approaches can produce novel hydrofoil designs capable of outperforming the original configuration under specific conditions; however, due to its inherent flexibility, the adjoint approach with realistic constraints offers more freedom in the design exploration process.
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BibTeX
@misc{sikirica2026improving,
title = {{Improving Hydrofoil Efficiency Through Simulation-Driven Design Optimization}},
author = {Ante Sikirica and Ivana Lučin and Marta Alvir and Tin Matulja},
howpublished = {arXiv},
year = {2026},
month = nov,
doi = {10.48550/arxiv.2611.06183},
eprint = {2611.06183},
archivePrefix = {arXiv},
url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.06183},
note = {CC BY 4.0},
}
RIS
TY - UNPB
TI - Improving Hydrofoil Efficiency Through Simulation-Driven Design Optimization
AU - Ante Sikirica
AU - Ivana Lučin
AU - Marta Alvir
AU - Tin Matulja
PY - 2026
DA - 2026/11/04
PB - arXiv
DO - 10.48550/arxiv.2611.06183
UR - https://arxiv.org/abs/2611.06183
AB - Foil windsurfing is a sport in which competitors fine-tune their setup to optimize performance under varying environmental conditions. However, such adjustments are typically guided by intuition. This paper presents a methodology for improving hydrofoil design using computational fluid dynamics. First, structured light scanning was used to obtain the geometry of a conventional hydrofoil. Subsequently, five derived designs have been explored, inspired by advancements in airplane wing design. Following this, a preliminary design was selected, and a design of experiments approach was implemented. Generated simulation data were used to train a machine learning surrogate, which is ultimately used in the multi-objective design optimization. While the surrogate-based approach yielded promising results, it was limited to exploring a restricted set of design parameters. To overcome this constraint, additional improvements were attained through adjoint optimization, demonstrating that comparable performance can be achieved with a distinctly different hydrofoil design. Finally, the conventional design was refined through adjoint optimization. Notably, adjoint optimization yielded a 15% increase in efficiency. The results suggest that both proposed approaches can produce novel hydrofoil designs capable of outperforming the original configuration under specific conditions; however, due to its inherent flexibility, the adjoint approach with realistic constraints offers more freedom in the design exploration process.
ER -